The physical characteristics and leaching rates of water‐soluble compounds from shrimp feeds are major considerations in nutrient delivery. Yet, there is limited information on nutrient leaching from feeds or the mechanisms to minimize leaching. This study evaluated the efficacy of various coating agents on the physical characteristics and leaching of nutrients from commercial feeds for Litopenaeus vannamei. A series of diets were top coated with two lipid sources (fish or stearin oil) and two additives to the oil (5% wax or gelatin) at three levels (0, 1.5, and 3%). Physical characteristics and leaching of water‐soluble compounds were then characterized. The reduction of leaching was seen with the diets that were top coated with 1.5 or 3% oil, which significantly decreased the leaching of phenylalanine (Phe) after 30 min and 60 min of immersion. Adding 1.5 and 3% oil coating significantly decreased the pellet durability index. Adding gelatin as an additive to the oil significantly slowed sinking velocity and improved water stability and the pellet durability index of the diets. In all, results demonstrated that coating 1.5 or 3% fish or stearin oil decreases the leaching rate. Supplementing 5% gelatin in the coating material for diets can improve the performance of the diets.

中文翻译：

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各种涂层材料的功效，可防止太平洋白对虾凡纳滨对虾商业日粮中的养分浸出

虾饲料中水溶性化合物的物理特性和浸出速率是营养输送中的主要考虑因素。然而，关于从饲料中浸出养分或将浸出降至最低的机理的信息有限。这项研究评估了各种包衣剂对凡纳滨对虾的生理特性和商业饲料中养分的浸出的功效。在一系列饮食中分别以两种含量（0％，1.5％和3％）的两种脂质来源（鱼油或硬脂精油）和两种添加剂（5％蜡或明胶）上油。然后表征了水溶性化合物的物理特性和浸出。用1.5或3％的油进行顶部包衣的日粮可以减少浸出，这可以显着减少浸泡30分钟和60分钟后苯丙氨酸（Phe）的浸出。添加1.5％和3％的油膜会明显降低颗粒的耐久性指数。向油中添加明胶作为添加剂可显着减慢沉降速度，并改善日粮的水稳定性和颗粒耐久性指数。总之，结果表明，涂​​覆1.5％或3％的鱼油或硬脂油会降低浸出率。