Introduction

The question of what motivates people to participate in research is particularly salient in the HIV field. While participation in HIV research was driven by survival in the 1980’s and early 1990’s, access to novel therapies became the primary motivator with the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the late 1990s. In the HIV cure-related research context, the concept of altruism has remained insufficiently studied.

Methods

We conducted a scoping review to better contextualize and understand how altruism is or could be operationalized in HIV cure-related research. We drew from the fields of altruism in general, clinical research, cancer, and HIV clinical research–including the HIV prevention, treatment, and cure-related research fields.

Discussion

Altruism as a key motivating factor for participation in clinical research has often been intertwined with the desire for personal benefit. The cancer field informs us that reasons for participation usually are multi-faceted and complex. The HIV prevention field offers ways to organize altruism–either by the types of benefits achieved (e.g., societal versus personal), or the origin of the values that motivate research participation. The HIV treatment literature reveals the critical role of clinical interactions in fostering altruism. There remains a dearth of in-depth knowledge regarding reasons surrounding research participation and the types of altruism displayed in HIV cure-related clinical research.

Conclusion

Lessons learned from various research fields can guide questions which will inform the assessment of altruism in future HIV cure-related research.

中文翻译：

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利他主义：艾滋病毒治疗相关研究的文献综述和未来方向

 介绍

是什么促使人们参与研究的问题在艾滋病毒领域尤为突出。虽然 20 世纪 80 年代和 1990 年代初期参与艾滋病毒研究是出于生存的考虑，但随着 20 世纪 90 年代末联合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (cART) 的出现，获得新疗法成为主要动力。在艾滋病毒治疗相关的研究背景下，利他主义的概念仍然没有得到充分的研究。

 方法

我们进行了范围界定审查，以更好地了解利他主义在艾滋病毒治疗相关研究中如何运作或如何运作。我们的研究领域包括一般利他主义、临床研究、癌症和艾滋病毒临床研究——包括艾滋病毒预防、治疗和治愈相关的研究领域。

 讨论

利他主义作为参与临床研究的关键激励因素，往往与个人利益的渴望交织在一起。癌症领域告诉我们，参与的原因通常是多方面且复杂的。艾滋病毒预防领域提供了组织利他主义的方法——要么通过所实现的利益的类型（例如，社会与个人），要么通过激励研究参与的价值观的起源。 HIV 治疗文献揭示了临床相互作用在培养利他主义方面的关键作用。对于参与研究的原因以及艾滋病毒治疗相关临床研究中表现出的利他主义类型，仍然缺乏深入的了解。

 结论

从各个研究领域吸取的经验教训可以指导问题，从而为未来艾滋病毒治疗相关研究中的利他主义评估提供信息。