Zanthoxylum bungeanum is an important commercial crop of the Rutaceae family, its peel is used as a condiment and also in traditional Chinese medicine. Seeds are rich in fatty acids but are usually rejected. To investigate the feasibility of using Z. bungeanum seeds to make biodiesel, techniques including GCMS, transcriptome sequencing and RT-qPCR were used to analyse the fatty acids content and gene expression levels in seeds of five developmental stages. The results show that nine fatty acids are produced and that these accumulate during seed development, to reach the highest levels at maturity. At maturity, the levels of elaidic acid and palmitic acid are highest, each accounting for 22 % of the total. These are followed by linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid and palmitoleic acid, which account for 18, 15, 7 and 12 % of the total, respectively. The contents of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids continued to accumulate during seed development. At maturity, the content of saturated fatty acids was 46.48 mg/g and the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 142.05 mg/g. Using transcriptome sequencing, the expression levels of 20 genes related to fatty-acid synthesis were determined. A fatty acids synthesis pathway model was established based on gene function annotation information. The results of inter-group correlation analysis and RDA analysis show that ENR, ECR and SAD1 play active roles in fatty acids synthesis in Z. bungeanum and were identified as key genes for fatty acids synthesis.

花椒是芸香科的重要商品作物，其果皮既可以用作调味品，也可以用作中药。种子富含脂肪酸，但通常会被拒绝。为了研究使用邦格酵母种子制造生物柴油的可行性，包括GC在内的技术用MS，转录组测序和RT-qPCR分析了五个发育阶段种子中的脂肪酸含量和基因表达水平。结果表明，产生了九种脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸在种子发育过程中积累，在成熟时达到最高水平。成熟时，亚麻酸和棕榈酸的含量最高，分别占总量的22％。其次是亚油酸，亚麻酸，油酸和棕榈油酸，分别占总数的18％，15％，7％和12％。在种子发育过程中，饱和和不饱和脂肪酸的含量继续积累。成熟时，饱和脂肪酸的含量为46.48 mg / g，不饱和脂肪酸的含量为142.05 mg / g。使用转录组测序 测定与脂肪酸合成有关的20个基因的表达水平。基于基因功能注释信息建立了脂肪酸合成途径模型。组间相关分析和RDA分析的结果表明：ENR，ECR和SAD1在脂肪酸合成中发挥积极作用花椒和被确定为脂肪酸合成的关键基因。