Abstract Plants produce a large variety of natural products. Terpenes seem to be the largest and the most important group of secondary metabolites in conifer trees. They protect the plant from invading pathogens and herbivores by representing constitutive or induced defense mechanisms. Moreover, antioxidant properties of some terpenes have also been shown, suggesting their role in overcoming oxidative stress provoked by internal and external stimuli. The abiotic and biotic stress factors such as drought, temperature fluctuations, air and soil pollution or pathogen attack rearrange the biosynthesis and emission of terpenes, however the response may depend on the stressor type and stress intensity. Although the general composition of terpenes is characteristic for each species, it has been shown that it can even differ between two individual trees. Reaching for the available literature data, the review is focused on systematizing the observed changes in terpene quantity and quality in the three most important forest-forming conifer genera of European temperate climate zone – pine (Pinus sp.), spruce (Picea sp.) and fir (Abies sp.). Moreover, in view of progressive climate change, the study emphasize a complex function of these interesting compounds in trees including interplant signaling in forest communities.

中文翻译：

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发育和环境刺激下针叶树萜烯的变异性

摘要 植物产生种类繁多的天然产物。萜烯似乎是针叶树中最大和最重要的次生代谢物组。它们通过代表组成性或诱导性防御机制来保护植物免受病原体和食草动物的入侵。此外，还显示了一些萜烯的抗氧化特性，表明它们在克服由内部和外部刺激引起的氧化应激方面的作用。干旱、温度波动、空气和土壤污染或病原体攻击等非生物和生物胁迫因素重新安排萜烯的生物合成和排放，但响应可能取决于胁迫类型和胁迫强度。虽然萜烯的一般组成是每个物种的特征，但已经表明它甚至可以在两棵树之间有所不同。通过获取可用的文献数据，该综述的重点是对欧洲温带气候区三个最重要的森林形成针叶树属——松树 (Pinus sp.)、云杉 (Picea sp.) 中观察到的萜烯数量和质量变化进行系统化。和冷杉（Abies sp.）。此外，鉴于气候不断变化，该研究强调了这些有趣化合物在树木中的复杂功能，包括森林群落中的植物间信号传导。