Rapid granular flows are one of the most catastrophic geo-disasters frequently encountered in mountainous areas. The baffle structure has been demonstrated to be an effective measure for decreasing the destructivity of such geo-disasters. In this paper, a flow–baffle interaction model based on the 3D discrete element method is adopted to assess the baffle performance, hoping to facilitate the optimal design of baffles. A multiple-indicator-based framework, which covers three aspects and six metrics, is proposed and used to thoroughly and quantitatively assess the energy dissipation capacity, deposition regulation function, and failure potential of the baffle structure considering the particle size and baffle shape effect. Results indicate that the particle size significantly affects the baffle performance, and several linear relationships are proposed to account for the effect of the particle size, which may serve to improve engineering structural design. The square baffle performs better than the triangular baffle even though they have identical transverse blockage. Investigation of the patterns of the force chain distribution in granular flows confirms that the flow–baffle interaction is controlled by the evolution of force chains. The particle size and baffle shape effect can be explained by the difference in stability of arches that form during flow–baffle interaction. In addition, the quantification of energy loss due to inelastic contact between particles and baffles reveals that enhanced particle–particle interaction is the dominant energy dissipation mechanism, accounting for more than 80–90% of the total energy loss.

中文翻译：

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针对快速颗粒流的挡板性能的计算评估

快速颗粒流是山区经常遇到的最具灾难性的地质灾害之一。挡板结构已被证明是减少此类地质灾害破坏性的有效措施。本文采用基于3D离散元法的流-挡板相互作用模型对挡板性能进行评估，以期促进挡板的优化设计。提出了一个涵盖三个方面和六个指标的基于多指标的框架，并用于全面和定量评估考虑粒度和挡板形状效应的挡板结构的能量耗散能力、沉积调节功能和失效潜力。结果表明，粒径显着影响挡板性能，并提出了几种线性关系来解释粒径的影响，这可能有助于改进工程结构设计。方形挡板的性能优于三角形挡板，即使它们具有相同的横向阻塞。对颗粒流中力链分布模式的研究证实，流-挡板相互作用受力链的演变控制。颗粒尺寸和挡板形状效应可以通过流动-挡板相互作用过程中形成的拱形稳定性的差异来解释。此外，由于颗粒和挡板之间的非弹性接触引起的能量损失的量化表明，增强的颗粒-颗粒相互作用是主要的能量耗散机制，占总能量损失的 80-90% 以上。