Efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass requires concerted development of a pretreatment method, an enzyme cocktail and an enzymatic process, all of which are adapted to the feedstock. Recent years have shown great progress in most aspects of the overall process. In particular, increased insights into the contributions of a wide variety of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes have improved the enzymatic processing step and brought down costs. Here, we review major pretreatment technologies and different enzyme process setups and present an in-depth discussion of the various enzyme types that are currently in use. We pay ample attention to the role of the recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), which have led to renewed interest in the role of redox enzyme systems in lignocellulose processing. Better understanding of the interplay between the various enzyme types, as they may occur in a commercial enzyme cocktail, is likely key to further process improvements.

木质纤维素生物质的有效糖化需要协同开发预处理方法，酶混合物和酶促工艺，所有这些都适应于原料。近年来，在整个过程的大多数方面都显示出巨大的进步。特别地，对多种纤维素分解酶和半纤维素分解酶的贡献的更多见解改善了酶促加工步骤并降低了成本。在这里，我们回顾了主要的预处理技术和不同的酶工艺设置，并对当前使用的各种酶类型进行了深入的讨论。我们充分关注最近发现的裂解多糖单加氧酶（LPMO）的作用，这引起了人们对氧化还原酶系统在木质纤维素加工中的作用的新兴趣。