Suboptimal breastfeeding practices are driven by multiple factors. Thus, a multi-sectoral approach is necessary to design and implement appropriate policies and programs that protect, promote, and support breastfeeding. This study used Net-Map, an interactive social network interviewing and mapping technique, to: a) identify key institutional actors involved in breastfeeding policy/programs in Ghana, b) identify and describe links between actors (i.e., command, dissemination, funding, and technical assistance (TA)), and c) document actors influence to initiate or modify breastfeeding policy/programs. Ten experts were purposively selected from relevant institutions and were individually interviewed. Interview data was analysed using social networking mapping software, Gephi (version 0.9.2). Forty-six unique actors were identified across six actor categories (government, United Nations agencies, civil society, academia, media, others), with one-third being from government agencies. Dissemination and TA links accounted for two-thirds of the identified links between actors (85/261 links for dissemination; 85/261 for TA). Command links were mainly limited to government agencies, while other link types were observed across all actor groups. Ghana Health Service (GHS) had the greatest in-degree centrality for TA and funding links, primarily from United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and development partners. The World Health Organization, UNICEF, Ministry of Health, and GHS had the highest weighted average relative influence scores. Although diverse actors are involved in breastfeeding policy and programming in Ghana, GHS plays a central role. United Nations and donor agencies are crucial supporters of GHS providing breastfeeding technical and financial assistance in Ghana.

中文翻译：

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分析加纳母乳喂养政策和计划的利益相关者网络。

次优的母乳喂养做法是由多种因素驱动的。因此，需要采用多部门方法来设计和实施保护、促进和支持母乳喂养的适当政策和计划。本研究使用 Net-Map，一种交互式社交网络访谈和绘图技术，以：a) 确定参与加纳母乳喂养政策/计划的关键机构参与者，b) 确定和描述参与者之间的联系（即指挥、传播、资助、和技术援助 (TA))，以及 c) 记录行动者对启动或修改母乳喂养政策/计划的影响。有目的地从相关机构中挑选了10名专家，并进行了单独访谈。使用社交网络地图软件 Gephi（0.9.2 版）分析访谈数据。在六个行动者类别（政府、联合国机构、民间社会、学术界、媒体等）中确定了 46 个独特的行动者，其中三分之一来自政府机构。传播和技术援助链接占行动者之间已识别链接的三分之二（85/261 链接用于传播；85/261 用于技术援助）。命令链接主要限于政府机构，而其他链接类型在所有参与者群体中都可以观察到。加纳卫生服务 (GHS) 在 TA 和资金联系方面具有最大的学位中心性，主要来自联合国儿童基金会 (UNICEF) 和发展合作伙伴。世界卫生组织、联合国儿童基金会、卫生部和 GHS 的加权平均相对影响力得分最高。尽管加纳的母乳喂养政策和规划涉及不同的参与者，GHS 发挥着核心作用。联合国和捐助机构是 GHS 的重要支持者，在加纳提供母乳喂养技术和财政援助。