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AAV vector mobilization, risk vs reality.
Human Gene Therapy ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-16 , DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.118
Liujiang Song 1, 2 , R Jude Samulski 1, 3 , Matthew L Hirsch 1, 2
Affiliation  

Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vector mobilization is a largely theoretical process in which intact AAV vectors spread or “mobilize” from transduced cells and infect additional cells within, or external of, the initial host. This process can be helper virus-independent (vector alone) or helper virus-dependent (de novo rAAV production facilitated by superinfection of both wild-type AAV [wtAAV] and Adenovirus 5 [Ad] helper virus). Herein, rAAV production and mobilization with and without wtAAV were analyzed following plasmid transfection or viral transduction utilizing well-established in vitro conditions and analytical measurements. During in vitro production, wtAAV produced the highest titer with rAAV-luc (4.1 kb), rAAV-IDUA (3.7 kb), and rAAV-Nano-dysferlin (4.9 kb) generating 2.5-, 5.9-, or 10.7-fold lower amounts, respectively. Surprisingly, cotransfection of a wtAAV and an rAAV plasmid resulted in a uniform decrease in production of wtAAV in all instances with a concomitant increase of rAAV such that wtAAV:rAAV titers were at a ratio of 1:1 for all constructs investigated. These results were shown to be independent of the rAAV transgenic sequence, size, transgene, or promoter choice and point to novel aspects of wtAAV complementation that enhance current vector production systems yet to be defined. In a mobilization assay, a sizeable amount of rAAV recovered from infected 293 cell lysate remained intact and competent for a secondary round of infection (termed Ad-independent mobilization). In rAAV-infected cells coinfected with Ad and wtAAV, rAAV particle production was increased >50-fold compared with no Ad conditions. In addition, Ad-dependent rAAV vectors mobilized and resulted in >1,000-fold transduction upon a subsequent second-round infection, highlighting the reality of these theoretical safety concerns that can be manifested under various conditions. Overall, these studies document and signify the need for mobilization-resistant vectors and the opportunity to derive better vector production systems.

中文翻译:

AAV 载体动员,风险与现实。

重组腺相关病毒 (rAAV) 载体动员是一个主要的理论过程,其中完整的 AAV 载体从转导细胞传播或“动员”并感染初始宿主内部或外部的其他细胞。该过程可以独立于辅助病毒(仅载体)或依赖于辅助病毒(通过野生型 AAV [wtAAV] 和腺病毒 5 [Ad] 辅助病毒的双重感染促进从头产生rAAV)。在此,在质粒转染或病毒转导后,利用成熟的体外条件和分析测量分析了有和没有 wtAAV 的 rAAV 生产和动员。在体外期间产量,wtAAV 产生最高滴度,rAAV-luc (4.1 kb)、rAAV-IDUA (3.7 kb) 和 rAAV-Nano-dysferlin (4.9 kb) 产生的量分别低 2.5、5.9 或 10.7 倍。令人惊讶的是,wtAAV 和 rAAV 质粒的共转染导致在所有情况下 wtAAV 的产量均一降低,同时 rAAV 增加,因此对于所有研究的构建体来说,wtAAV:rAAV 滴度的比率为 1:1。这些结果表明与 rAAV 转基因序列、大小、转基因或启动子选择无关,并指出了 wtAAV 互补的新方面,这些方面增强了目前尚未确定的载体生产系统。在动员试验中,从受感染的 293 细胞裂解物中回收的大量 rAAV 保持完整并有能力进行第二轮感染(称为 Ad-independent 动员)。在与 Ad 和 wtAAV 共感染的 rAAV 感染细胞中,与无 Ad 条件相比,rAAV 颗粒的产生增加了 > 50 倍。此外,Ad 依赖的 rAAV 载体在随后的第二轮感染中动员并导致 >1,000 倍的转导,突出了这些理论上可以在各种条件下表现出来的安全问题的现实。总体而言,这些研究记录并表明了对抗动员载体的需求以及获得更好的载体生产系统的机会。依赖广告的 rAAV 载体在随后的第二轮感染中动员并导致 >1,000 倍的转导,突出了这些理论上可以在各种条件下表现出来的安全问题的现实。总体而言,这些研究记录并表明了对抗动员载体的需求以及获得更好的载体生产系统的机会。依赖广告的 rAAV 载体在随后的第二轮感染中动员并导致 >1,000 倍的转导,突出了这些理论上可以在各种条件下表现出来的安全问题的现实。总体而言,这些研究记录并表明了对抗动员载体的需求以及获得更好的载体生产系统的机会。
更新日期:2020-10-19
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