Abstract

To address the growing energy demands of sustainable development, it is crucial to develop new materials that can improve the efficiency of energy storage systems. Hierarchically structured porous materials have shown their great potential for energy storage applications owing to their large accessible space, high surface area, low density, excellent accommodation capability with volume and thermal variation, variable chemical compositions and well controlled and interconnected hierarchical porosity at different length scales. Porous hierarchy benefits electron and ion transport, and mass diffusion and exchange. The electrochemical behavior of hierarchically structured porous materials varies with different pore parameters. Understanding their relationship can lead to the defined and accurate design of highly efficient hierarchically structured porous materials to enhance further their energy storage performance. In this review, we take the characteristic parameters of the hierarchical pores as the survey object to summarize the recent progress on hierarchically structured porous materials for energy storage. This is the first of this kind exclusively to survey the performance of hierarchically structured porous materials from different porous characteristics. For those who are not familiar with hierarchically structured porous materials, a series of very significant synthesis strategies of hierarchically structured porous materials are firstly and briefly reviewed. This will be beneficial for those who want to quickly obtain useful reference information about the synthesis strategies of new hierarchically structured porous materials to improve their performance in energy storage. The effect of different organizational, structural and geometric parameters of porous hierarchy on their electrochemical behavior is then deeply discussed. We outline the existing problems and development challenges of hierarchically structured porous materials that need to be addressed in renewable energy applications. We hope that this review can stimulate strong intuition into the design and application of new hierarchically structured porous materials in energy storage and other fields.

中文翻译：

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分级结构多孔材料：合成策略及其在储能中的应用

 抽象的

为了满足可持续发展日益增长的能源需求，开发能够提高储能系统效率的新材料至关重要。分级结构多孔材料由于其可接触空间大、表面积高、密度低、体积和热变化优异的调节能力、可变的化学成分以及不同长度尺度下良好控制和互连的分级孔隙率，在储能应用中显示出巨大的潜力。多孔层次结构有利于电子和离子传输以及质量扩散和交换。分级结构多孔材料的电化学行为随孔参数的不同而变化。了解它们之间的关系可以导致高效分层结构多孔材料的定义和准确设计，以进一步提高其能量存储性能。在这篇综述中，我们以分级孔的特征参数为调查对象，总结了分级结构多孔储能材料的最新进展。这是此类研究中首次专门从不同的多孔特性来研究分级结构多孔材料的性能。对于那些不熟悉分级结构多孔材料的人来说，首先简要回顾了一系列非常重要的分级结构多孔材料的合成策略。这对于那些想要快速获得有关新型分级结构多孔材料的合成策略的有用参考信息以提高其储能性能的人来说将是有益的。 然后深入讨论了多孔层次的不同组织、结构和几何参数对其电化学行为的影响。我们概述了可再生能源应用中需要解决的分层结构多孔材料的现有问题和发展挑战。我们希望这篇综述能够激发人们对新型分级结构多孔材料在储能和其他领域的设计和应用的强烈直觉。