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Membrane dynamics of γ-secretase with the anterior pharynx-defective 1B subunit.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-23 , DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29832
Budheswar Dehury 1 , Kasper P Kepp 1
Affiliation  

The four‐subunit protease complex γ‐secretase cleaves many single‐pass transmembrane (TM) substrates, including Notch and β‐amyloid precursor protein to generate amyloid‐β (Aβ), central to Alzheimer's disease. Two of the subunits anterior pharynx‐defective 1 (APH‐1) and presenilin (PS) exist in two homologous forms APH1‐A and APH1‐B, and PS1 and PS2. The consequences of these variations are poorly understood and could affect Aβ production and γ‐secretase medicine. Here, we developed the first complete structural model of the APH‐1B subunit using the published cryo‐electron microscopy (cryo‐EM) structures of APH1‐A (Protein Data Bank: 5FN2, 5A63, and 6IYC). We then performed all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations at 303 K in a realistic bilayer system to understand both APH‐1B alone and in γ‐secretase without and with substrate C83‐bound. We show that APH‐1B adopts a 7TM topology with a water channel topology similar to APH‐1A. We demonstrate direct transport of water through this channel, mainly via Glu84, Arg87, His170, and His196. The apo and holo states closely resemble the experimental cryo‐EM structures with APH‐1A, however with subtle differences: The substrate‐bound APH‐1B γ‐secretase was quite stable, but some TM helices of PS1 and APH‐1B rearranged in the membrane consistent with the disorder seen in the cryo‐EM data. This produces different accessibility of water molecules for the catalytic aspartates of PS1, critical for Aβ production. In particular, we find that the typical distance between the catalytic aspartates of PS1 and the C83 cleavage sites are shorter in APH‐1B, that is, it represents a more closed state, due to interactions with the C‐terminal fragment of PS1. Our structural‐dynamic model of APH‐1B alone and in γ‐secretase suggests generally similar topology but some notable differences in water accessibility which may be relevant to the protein's existence in two forms and their specific function and location.

中文翻译:

带有前咽缺陷的1B亚基的γ分泌酶的膜动力学。

四个亚基蛋白酶复合物γ分泌酶可裂解许多单程跨膜(TM)底物,包括Notch和β-淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白,以生成淀粉样β(Aβ),这是阿尔茨海默氏病的关键。咽部前缺陷1(APH-1)和早老素(PS)的两个亚基以两种同源形式APH1-A和APH1-B以及PS1和PS2存在。这些变异的后果知之甚少,并可能影响Aβ的产生和γ-分泌酶的药物。在这里,我们使用已发布的APH1-A的低温电子显微镜(cryo-EM)结构(蛋白质数据库:5FN2、5A63和6IYC)开发了APH-1B亚基的第一个完整结构模型。然后,我们在一个现实的双层系统中于303 K进行了全原子分子动力学模拟,以了解APH-1B单独和不与底物C83结合的γ-分泌酶中的情况。我们显示APH-1B采用7TM拓扑结构,其水道拓扑结构类似于APH-1A。我们展示了主要通过Glu84,Arg87,His170和His196通过此通道进行水的直接运输。载脂蛋白和全环状态与APH-1A的实验冷冻EM结构非常相似,但是有细微的差异:底物结合的APH-1Bγ-分泌酶相当稳定,但PS1和APH-1B的一些TM螺旋在APH-1A中重新排列。膜与cryo-EM数据中看到的疾病一致。这为PS1的催化天冬氨酸产生了不同的水分子可及性,这对Aβ的产生至关重要。特别是,我们发现,在APH-1B中,PS1的催化天冬氨酸与C83裂解位点之间的典型距离较短,也就是说,它表示更封闭的状态,由于与PS1 C端片段的相互作用。我们的APH-1B单独和γ-分泌酶中的结构动力学模型显示出大致相似的拓扑结构,但在水可及性方面存在一些显着差异,这可能与蛋白质以两种形式存在以及它们的特定功能和位置有关。
更新日期:2020-08-23
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