BACKGROUND Water scarcity is a worldwide problem that leads to environmental and economic issues. Agriculture is one of the main consumers of water for irrigation and fertilization and almond is the major tree nut crop in the Mediterranean area. Besides, there is a continuous growing demand of healthy, vegan, and sustainable products. Consequently, the main objective of this study was to chemically characterize the almond milk powder enriched with probiotics manufactured from hydroSOStainable almonds (generated under water stress conditions). Almond milk powder enriched with probiotic bacteria was produced with almonds grown under optimal irrigation conditions (100% of the crop Evapotranspiration) and was chemically compared to the samples made from hydroSOStainable almonds. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), minerals, organic acids and sugars, fatty acids, and descriptive sensory analysis were evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that almond milk powder produced from hydroSOStainable almonds had a higher content of TPC, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), PUFAs/saturated fatty acids ratio, PUFAs/monounsaturated fatty acids ratio, almond, and nutty flavors. Moderate and sustained deficit irrigation leads to powders with a higher content of PUFAs and PUFAs/SFA ratio, parameters of utmost importance for health. CONCLUSIONS Using these strategies, between 66 and 76% of the irrigation water can be saved producing hydroSOStainable almond milk powder higher in TPC, PUFAs, and positive sensory attributes than that from fully irrigated almonds. These findings may have a positive impact in both agriculture and food industry, allowing water savings and the obtention of high quality and sustainable food products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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喷雾干燥氢化可染色杏仁奶的化学和感官表征

背景技术缺水是导致环境和经济问题的世界性问题。农业是灌溉和施肥用水的主要消费者之一，杏仁是地中海地区的主要坚果作物。此外，对健康、纯素和可持续产品的需求不断增长。因此，本研究的主要目的是对富含益生菌的杏仁奶粉进行化学表征，该益生菌由 HydroSOStainable 杏仁（在水分胁迫条件下产生）制成。富含益生菌的杏仁奶粉是用在最佳灌溉条件（100% 的作物蒸发蒸腾量）下生长的杏仁生产的，并与由 HydroSOStainable 杏仁制成的样品进行化学比较。抗氧化活性、总酚含量 (TPC)、矿物质、对有机酸和糖类、脂肪酸和描述性感官分析进行了评估。结果 结果表明，用氢化可染色杏仁生产的杏仁奶粉具有较高的 TPC、多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸比、多不饱和脂肪酸/单不饱和脂肪酸比、杏仁和坚果味的含量。适度和持续的亏缺灌溉导致粉末具有更高的 PUFA 含量和 PUFA/SFA 比率，这些参数对健康至关重要。结论 使用这些策略，可以节省 66% 到 76% 的灌溉用水，生产出比完全灌溉杏仁更高的 TPC、PUFA 和积极感官属性的 HydroSOStainable 杏仁奶粉。这些发现可能对农业和食品工业产生积极影响，节约用水并获得高质量和可持续的食品。本文受版权保护。版权所有。