Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a highly contagious pathogen that has detrimental effects on tilapia farming. This virus was discovered in 2014 and has received tremendous global attention from the aquaculture sector due to its association with high fish mortalities and its strong economic impact on the tilapia aquaculture industry. Currently, TiLV has been reported in 16 countries, and this number is continuing to rise due to improved diagnostic assays and surveillance activities around the world. In this review, we summarize the up‐to‐date knowledge of TiLV with regard to TiLV host species, the clinical signs of a TiLV infection, the affected tissues, pathogenesis and potential disease risk factors. We also describe the reported information concerning the virus itself: its morphology, genetic make‐up and transmission pathways. We review the current methods for virus detection and potential control measures. We close the review of the TiLV story so far, by offering a commentary on the major TiLV research gaps, why these are delaying future TiLV research and why the TiLV field needs to come together and proceed as a more collaborative scientific community if there is any hope limiting the impact of this serious virus.

中文翻译：

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罗非鱼湖病毒：迄今为止的故事。

罗非鱼湖病毒（TiLV）是一种高度传染性的病原体，对罗非鱼的养殖产生有害影响。该病毒于2014年被发现，由于其与高死亡率相关，并且对罗非鱼水产养殖业产生了巨大的经济影响，因此在水产养殖领域受到了全球的广泛关注。目前，TiLV已在16个国家/地区报道，并且由于全世界诊断方法和监控活动的改进，该数字正在继续上升。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关TiLV宿主物种，TiLV感染的临床体征，受影响的组织，发病机理和潜在疾病危险因素的TiLV的最新知识。我们还描述了有关病毒本身的报道信息：其形态，遗传组成和传播途径。我们回顾了用于病毒检测和潜在控制措施的当前方法。到目前为止，我们通过评论主要TiLV研究的差距，为何这些因素拖延了未来TiLV的研究，以及为什么TiLV领域需要团结起来并作为一个更具协作性的科学共同体继续前进，来结束对TiLV故事的回顾。希望限制这种严重病毒的影响。