Climate warming is altering the distribution of species, producing range shifts and promoting local extinctions. There is an urgent need to understand the underlying mechanisms that influence the persistence of populations across a species' distribution range in the face of global warming. Ocenebra erinaceus is a marine gastropod that exhibits high intraspecific variability in maternal investment and physiological capacity during early stages, which suggests local adaptation to natal environmental conditions. In this study, reproductive traits and trans-generational adaptation were measured in two subtidal populations: one from the middle (the Solent, UK) and another towards the southern end of their geographic distribution (Arcachon, France). Local adaptation was evaluated with a transfer experiment (i.e. Arcachon females transferred to Solent thermal conditions) and trans-generational adaptation was evaluated in the thermal tolerance response of embryos exposed to temperatures between 10 and 20 °C. This study shows that both populations have similar fitness; however, there are adaptive costs to live under their natal location, resulting in trade-offs between reproductive traits. Transferred females show lower reproductive output, which suggests that females are maladapted to live under a new environment. The trans-generational experiment demonstrates contrasting thermal tolerance ranges between populations. Adaptation to local thermal conditions was observed in transferred embryos, showing poor performance and high mortalities under the new environment. Our results provide a better understanding of intraspecific differences and adaptations across a species’ distribution range and provide insights into how climate warming will impact encapsulated species exhibiting location-specific adaptation.

气候变暖正在改变物种的分布，产生范围变化，并促进当地灭绝。迫切需要了解在全球变暖的情况下影响物种分布范围内种群持续存在的潜在机制。夹竹桃是一种海洋腹足类动物，在早期阶段在母体投资和生理能力方面显示出较高的种内变异性，这表明其对出生环境条件的局部适应性。在这项研究中，对两个潮下种群进行了生殖性状和跨代适应的测量：一个来自中部（英国Solent），另一个是其地理分布的南端（法国阿尔卡雄）。通过转移实验评估局部适应性（即将Arcachon雌性转移至Solent热条件），并评估暴露于10至20°C温度下的胚胎的热耐受性响应的跨代适应性。这项研究表明，这两个人群的适应度相似。但是，要根据自己的出生地生活，要有适应性的费用，导致生殖性状之间的权衡。转移的雌性动物的生殖产量较低，这表明雌性动物不适应在新环境中生活。跨代实验表明，不同种群之间的热耐受性范围不同。在转移的胚胎中观察到对局部热条件的适应，显示出在新环境下的不良性能和高死亡率。我们的结果更好地了解了物种在整个物种分布范围内的差异和适应性，并提供了有关气候变暖将如何影响表现出特定位置适应性的封装物种的见解。跨代实验表明，不同种群之间的热耐受性范围不同。在转移的胚胎中观察到对局部热条件的适应，显示出在新环境下的不良性能和高死亡率。我们的结果更好地了解了物种在整个物种分布范围内的差异和适应性，并提供了有关气候变暖将如何影响表现出特定位置适应性的封装物种的见解。跨代实验表明，不同种群之间的热耐受性范围不同。在转移的胚胎中观察到对局部热条件的适应，显示出在新环境下的不良性能和高死亡率。我们的结果更好地了解了物种在整个物种分布范围内的差异和适应性，并提供了有关气候变暖将如何影响表现出特定位置适应性的封装物种的见解。