Essential oils have attracted growing attention in the medicine field due to the significant bioactivities. The purpose of present study was devoted to optimizing the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) of sugarcane molasses essential oils (SMEO), compared with chemical components and extraction efficiency of SMEO using MAHD and hydrodistillation (HD) methods, and evaluating antioxidant and antibacterial activities of SMEO extracted by MAHD and HD methods. In this study, microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) was first developed to extract SMEO, and MAHD was optimized through single-factor test and response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal processing conditions of SMEO were 60 min of extraction time, 500 W of power, and 1.95 mL/mL of ratio of liquid to solid, and the yield of SMEO was 0.0788 $\pm$ 0.002 % (v/v). Compared with yield of SMEO, The MAHD method was more efficient than hydrodistillation (HD) method. Moreover, chemical compositions of SMEO using MAHD and HD methods were identified and compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Principal chemical components were found in SMEO using MAHD and HD methods, but it was in different content. The antioxidant activity of SMEO was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays, and SMEO using MAHD method showed a better antioxidant activity than SMEO using HD method. The antibacterial activity of SMEO were evaluated by determining the diameters of inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the result exhibited that the antibacterial activity of SMEO using MAHD method was higher than SMEO using HD method. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited that the SMEO using MAHD method changed microstructure of Escherichia coli and Sthaphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the MAHD technology significantly improved the yield of SMEO, and the biological activity results showed a promising alternative and provided a foundation for application of SMEO obtained by MAHD method in food, pharmaceutical, and sanitizers industries.

由于其重要的生物活性，精油在医学领域引起了越来越多的关注。本研究旨在致力于优化甘蔗糖蜜精油的微波辅助加氢蒸馏（MAHD），与采用MAHD和加氢蒸馏（HD）方法对SMEO的化学成分和提取效率进行比较，并评估抗氧化和抗菌活性MAHD和HD方法提取的SMEO的数量。在这项研究中，首先开发了微波辅助加氢蒸馏（MAHD）来提取SMEO，并通过单因素测试和响应面方法（RSM）对MAHD进行了优化。SMEO的最佳工艺条件为：萃取时间为60分钟，功率为500 W，液固比为1.95 mL / mL，产率为0.0788。$\pm$0.002％（v / v）。与SMEO的收率相比，MAHD方法比加氢蒸馏（HD）方法更有效。此外，使用MAHD和HD方法鉴定并比较了SMEO的化学成分，并通过气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）进行了比较。使用MAHD和HD方法在SMEO中发现了主要化学成分，但其​​含量不同。SMEO的抗氧化活性由2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶并肼（DPPH）和2,2'-叠氮双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）测定，而MAEO方法显示SMEO的抗氧化活性更好。抗氧化活性高于使用SMEO的HD方法。通过确定抑制直径，最小抑制浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC）来评估SMEO的抗菌活性，结果表明，MAHD法对SMEO的抗菌活性高于HD法对SMAO的抗菌活性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）的结果表明，使用MAHD方法的SMEO改变了合金的微观结构。大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。因此，MAHD技术显着提高了SMEO的收率，其生物学活性结果显示了一种有希望的替代方法，并为通过MAHD方法获得的SMEO在食品，制药和消毒剂行业中的应用提供了基础。