MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene regulation and act as indispensable mediators in several critical biological processes, including tumorigenesis, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. MiR-424 and miR-503 are intragenic miRNAs that are clustered on human chromosome Xq26.3. Previous studies have reported that both miRNAs are dysregulated and play crucial but paradoxical roles in tumor initiation and progression, involving different target genes and molecular pathways. Moreover, these two miRNAs are concomitantly expressed in several cancer cells, indicating a coordinating function as a cluster. In this review, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of miR-424, miR-503, and miR-424/503 cluster are summarized in different types of cancers.

微小RNA（miRNA）是一组非编码RNA，它们在转录后基因调控中起着至关重要的作用，并在包括肿瘤发生，组织稳态和再生在内的多个关键生物学过程中起不可或缺的作用。MiR-424和miR-503是聚类在人类染色体Xq26.3上的基因内miRNA。先前的研究报道，这两种miRNA均失调，并且在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着至关重要但自相矛盾的作用，涉及不同的靶基因和分子途径。此外，这两个miRNA在几个癌细胞中同时表达，表明其作为簇的协调功能。在这篇综述中，miR-424，miR-503和miR-424 / 503簇的作用和调控机制归纳在不同类型的癌症中。