When a dump truck brakes, it is difficult to effectively absorb the braking energy due to the transient mutation of braking energy. At the same time, braking energy production is too high to store easily. Focusing on these problems, this paper proposes a new type of two-stage series supercapacitor and battery (SP&B) hybrid energy storage system (ESS). Using the characteristics of supercapacitors, which can charge and discharge quickly with large currents, the system combines the supercapacitors with a battery with a high energy storage capacity. This allows sudden large currents to be absorbed and released rapidly, while large amounts of energy can be stored. This system can also reduce the charge and discharge times of the SP&B to meet the working requirements of dump truck braking while improving the service life of the system. After completion of the research and implementation of the proposed SP&B hybrid ESS, a laboratory dynamic model was set up as an experimental platform and vehicle operation experiments were performed. The obtained results show that the energy recovery efficiency of the hybrid ESS can reach 53.5%, which can realize both security and stability for dump truck braking energy recovery and utilization (BER&U) systems.

中文翻译：

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新型超级电容器与电池混合储能系统的研究与实现

自卸车制动时，由于制动能量的瞬态突变，难以有效吸收制动能量。同时，制动能量产生太高而不易储存。针对这些问题，本文提出了一种新型的两级串联超级电容器和电池（SP&B）混合储能系统（ESS）。该系统利用超级电容器可以大电流快速充放电的特性，将超级电容器与具有高储能容量的电池相结合。这允许快速吸收和释放突然的大电流，同时可以存储大量能量。该系统还可以减少SP&B的充放电次数，满足自卸车制动的工作要求，同时提高系统的使用寿命。在完成所提出的SP&B混合动力ESS的研究和实施后，建立了实验室动力学模型作为实验平台，并进行了车辆运行实验。得到的结果表明，混合ESS的能量回收效率可以达到53.5%，可以实现自卸车制动能量回收利用（BER&U）系统的安全性和稳定性。