High fidelity three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical simulations of commercial‐scale coal gasifiers are very time consuming and expensive. This article proposes a reduced‐order modeling approach that uses quasi one‐dimensional (1‐D) CFD–DEM simulation results to serve as an accurate initial condition for the 3‐D simulation, which significantly shortens the physical time from several hours to minutes to achieve steady states. The 3‐D simulation employs a previously validated coarse‐grained CFD‐DEM approach, which further accelerates the simulation. Both 1‐D and 3‐D simulations adopt a particle shrinkage scheme to correctly account for the particle volume change due to chemical reaction and thus provides an accurate bed height. Comparison with available experimental measurements of the bed temperature and synthesis gas composition is used to validate the simulation. The final syngas composition and flowrates are strongly affected by the fuel or gasification agent rate and process operating conditions as expected. This approach is then used to optimize two important operating conditions (air and steam flows) to achieve specific gasifier performance goals for the production of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis gas and production of fuel gas for gas turbines.

中文翻译：

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耦合降阶建模和粗粒度CFD-DEM以加速煤气化炉的模拟和优化

商业规模煤气化炉的高保真三维（3D）数值模拟非常耗时且昂贵。本文提出了一种降阶建模​​方法，该方法使用准一维（一维）CFD-DEM仿真结果作为3D仿真的准确初始条件，从而将物理时间从几小时缩短为几分钟达到稳定状态。3D模拟采用了先前验证的粗粒度CFD-DEM方法，从而进一步加快了模拟速度。一维和三维模拟均采用了颗粒收缩方案，以正确解决由于化学反应而引起的颗粒体积变化，从而提供准确的床高。与可用的床温和合成气组成的实验测量值进行比较，以验证模拟结果。最终合成气的组成和流速受预期的燃料或气化剂速率和工艺操作条件的强烈影响。然后，该方法用于优化两个重要的运行条件（空气和蒸汽流量），以实现特定的气化炉性能目标，以生产费托合成气和生产燃气轮机的燃料气。