Photovoltaic (PV) technology offers an economic and sustainable solution to the challenge of increasing energy demand in times of global warming. The world PV market is currently dominated by the homo-junction crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV technology based on high temperature diffused p-n junctions, featuring a low power conversion efficiency (PCE). Recent years have seen the successful development of Si heterojunction technologies, boosting the PCE of c-Si solar cells over 26%. This article reviews the development status of high-efficiency c-Si heterojunction solar cells, from the materials to devices, mainly including hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) based silicon heterojunction technology, polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) based carrier selective passivating contact technology, metal compounds and organic materials based dopant-free passivating contact technology. The application of silicon heterojunction solar cells for ultra-high efficiency perovskite/c-Si and III-V/c-Si tandem devices is also reviewed. In the last, the perspective, challenge and potential solutions of silicon heterojunction solar cells, as well as the tandem solar cells are discussed.

光伏（PV）技术提供了一种经济，可持续的解决方案，以应对全球变暖时期能源需求不断增长的挑战。目前，全球光伏市场主要由基于高温扩散pn结的同质结晶体硅（c-Si）PV技术主导，其功率转换效率（PCE）低。近年来，硅异质结技术得到了成功的发展，将c-Si太阳能电池的PCE提升了26％以上。本文回顾了高效c-Si异质结太阳能电池从材料到器件的发展现状，主要包括基于氢化非晶硅（a-Si：H）的硅异质结技术，基于多晶硅（poly-Si）的载流子选择钝化接触技术 金属化合物和有机材料为基础的无掺杂钝化接触技术。还综述了硅异质结太阳能电池在超高效钙钛矿/ c-Si和III-V / c-Si串联器件中的应用。最后，讨论了硅异质结太阳能电池以及串联太阳能电池的前景，挑战和潜在解决方案。