Abstract Tropical Mountain Cloud Forests (TMCF) occur within narrow elevational limits with very specific climatic conditions; this type of vegetation is among the most vulnerable terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. The present study aims to analyze the local and regional climatic response of tree-ring widths of Pinus pseudostrobus at "El Cielo" Biosphere Reserve (CBR) over a 66-year period (1950–2016). We also investigated the temporal stability of the climate-growth response in four 20 years sub-periods (1950–1969, 1970–1989, 1990–2009, and 1997–2016). The results of the climate-growth analyses over the full-time period indicate a positive correlation with precipitation from previous-year November to current-year May and a negative correlation with maximum temperature and evaporation from previous-year December to current-year April and current-year January to May, respectively. We found a positive correlation with April to June PDSI and no correlation with minimum temperature. Radial growth was correlated with the climate of northeastern Mexico (i.e. Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas) and with coupled-ocean atmosphere climate modes, such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Correlation analyses for different periods indicate changes over time in the sensitivity of trees to climatic variability and broad-scale atmospheric circulation patterns such as PDO and AMO. Compared to the full-time period analyses the response of radial-growth to precipitation and PDSI increased in 30 and 48 % in the last 20 years, respectively.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥东北部热带山地云雾林中蒌松的气候-生长关系

摘要 热带山地云雾林 (TMCF) 出现在具有非常特殊气候条件的狭窄海拔范围内；这类植被是最易受气候变化影响的陆地生态系统之一。本研究旨在分析“El Cielo”生物圈保护区（CBR）66 年（1950-2016）年轮宽度对当地和区域气候的响应。我们还调查了四个 20 年子时期（1950-1969、1970-1989、1990-2009 和 1997-2016）中气候增长响应的时间稳定性。全时段气候增长分析结果表明，与上年11月至当年5月的降水量呈正相关，与上年12月至当年4月的最高气温和蒸发量呈负相关。分别是当年的一月到五月。我们发现与 4 月至 6 月的 PDSI 呈正相关，与最低温度无关。径向增长与墨西哥东北部（即科阿韦拉、新莱昂和塔毛利帕斯）的气候以及耦合海洋大气气候模式相关，例如厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO)、太平洋年代际涛动 (PDO) 和大西洋年代际振荡 (AMO)。不同时期的相关分析表明，树木对气候变率和大尺度大气环流模式（如 PDO 和 AMO）的敏感性随时间发生变化。与全时间段分析相比，径向增长对降水和 PDSI 的响应在过去 20 年中分别增加了 30% 和 48%。