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An enhanced model for evacuation vulnerability assessment in urban areas
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101540
Jie Chen , Tao Pei , Mingxiao Li , Ci Song , Ting Ma , Feng Lu , Shih-Lung Shaw

Abstract Rapid urbanization has led to a massive influx of people into cities. When many people congregate in urban areas, crowd crushing emergencies are likely to occur. If vulnerable areas with potential evacuation problems are detected in advance, crowd crushing emergencies may be minimized or even avoided. Thus, an evacuation vulnerability assessment from a precautionary perspective is fundamental. However, the current evacuation vulnerability assessment models are limited in spreading time estimation and evacuation capacity evaluation. To mitigate these limitations, in this study, we propose an enhanced model to quantitatively assess the evacuation vulnerability in urban areas. Our model enhances the current models in two ways. First, we employ a hexagon gridding scheme to construct a network to meet the prerequisite of evacuation spreading at the equal time intervals. Second, we quantify the grid connectivity on the network by considering the grid capacity to avoid underestimation of the evacuation vulnerability. Using a mobile phone location dataset of Shanghai, we systematically investigate the evacuation vulnerability of urban areas in a fine-grained spatio-temporal scale. Areas that may encounter evacuation problems to various degrees can be identified in advance. This information can support emergency management agencies in monitoring dense crowds and ensure early warnings of potential crowd crushing emergencies.

中文翻译:

城市地区疏散脆弱性评估的增强模型

摘要 快速的城市化导致大量人口涌入城市。当许多人聚集在城市地区时,很可能会发生人群挤压紧急情况。如果提前检测到存在潜在疏散问题的脆弱区域,可以最大限度地减少甚至避免人群挤压紧急情况。因此,从预防角度进行疏散脆弱性评估至关重要。然而,目前的疏散脆弱性评估模型在传播时间估计和疏散能力评估方面存在局限性。为了减轻这些限制,在本研究中,我们提出了一种增强模型来定量评估城市地区的疏散脆弱性。我们的模型以两种方式增强了当前的模型。第一的,我们采用六边形网格方案来构建网络,以满足以相等的时间间隔进行疏散传播的先决条件。其次,我们通过考虑电网容量来量化网络上的电网连通性,以避免低估疏散脆弱性。使用上海的手机位置数据集,我们在细粒度的时空尺度上系统地调查了城市地区的疏散脆弱性。可以提前确定可能遇到不同程度疏散问题的区域。这些信息可以支持应急管理机构监测密集人群并确保对潜在的人群挤压紧急情况进行早期预警。我们通过考虑电网容量来量化网络上的电网连通性,以避免低估疏散脆弱性。使用上海的手机位置数据集,我们在细粒度的时空尺度上系统地调查了城市地区的疏散脆弱性。可以提前确定可能遇到不同程度疏散问题的区域。这些信息可以支持应急管理机构监测密集人群并确保对潜在的人群挤压紧急情况进行早期预警。我们通过考虑电网容量来量化网络上的电网连通性,以避免低估疏散脆弱性。使用上海的手机位置数据集,我们在细粒度的时空尺度上系统地调查了城市地区的疏散脆弱性。可以提前确定可能遇到不同程度疏散问题的区域。这些信息可以支持应急管理机构监测密集人群并确保对潜在的人群挤压紧急情况进行早期预警。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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