A novel and efficient simulation technique for the purpose of optimization of vacuum-carburizing process was proposed. This method consists of three steps: calculation of gas convection and diffusion, calculation of only gas diffusion, and calculation of carbon diffusion in steel. The first step provides the gas convection velocity that is employed in the second step. Adsorption rate of carbon on the steel surface is obtained in the second step, and carbon concentration in the steel is calculated in the third step based on the adsorption rate of carbon.

Experiments were conducted to verify the proposed method in both laboratory- and industrial-scale reactors. Comparison of the computational predictions to the experimental data revealed that the proposed simulation technique enabled accurate prediction of the adsorption rate of carbon on the steel surface at various temperature conditions, the amount of carburized carbon at each operating time, and the profile of carbon concentration in the steel that is, in other words, the carburized depth. In addition, the calculation of the industrial-scale reactor, whose simulation model consisted of approximately seven million computational meshes, was completed within about two days. Therefore, the proposed simulation technique could be used to control and optimize the process in industrial vacuum-carburizing reactors.

为了优化真空渗碳工艺，提出了一种新颖有效的仿真技术。该方法包括三个步骤：气体对流和扩散的计算，仅气体扩散的计算以及钢中碳扩散的计算。第一步提供在第二步中采用的气体对流速度。在第二步骤中获得碳在钢表面上的吸附速率，并在第三步骤中基于碳的吸附速率计算钢中的碳浓度。

进行了实验，以验证在实验室规模和工业规模的反应堆中提出的方法。将计算预测值与实验数据进行比较，结果表明，所提出的模拟技术能够准确预测各种温度条件下钢表面上碳的吸附速率，每个操作时间的渗碳量以及碳浓度。换句话说，就是渗碳深度。另外，工业规模反应堆的计算大约在两天内完成，该反应堆的仿真模型由大约700万个计算网格组成。因此，所提出的仿真技术可用于控制和优化工业真空渗碳反应器的工艺。