ABSTRACT Paper-based works of art and documents of cultural importance kept in museums and libraries can show notorious signs of deterioration, including foxing stains, caused by fungal colonization. Some of the main chromophore agents of fungal origin that deteriorate paper and therefore affect paper cultural heritage both aesthetically and structurally are the group of pigments called melanins. Thus, knowledge of the diversity and features of fungal melanins and of the melanization pathways of fungi growing on paper is key to removing these pigments from paper-based works of cultural importance. This review provides an approach about the current knowledge of melanins synthesized by paper-colonizing fungi, their localization in the fungal structures, and their role in the deterioration of paper. This knowledge might contribute to developing new, effective, and sustainable strategies of restoration and conservation of historical documents and works of art based on paper.

中文翻译：

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使纸质文化遗产恶化的真菌黑色素：概述

摘要 保存在博物馆和图书馆中的纸质艺术品和具有重要文化意义的文件可能会出现臭名昭著的恶化迹象，包括由真菌定植引起的腐烂污渍。一些主要的真菌来源的发色剂会破坏纸张并因此在美学和结构上影响纸张文化遗产，这是称为黑色素的色素组。因此，了解真菌黑色素的多样性和特征以及在纸上生长的真菌的黑化途径是从具有文化重要性的纸质作品中去除这些色素的关键。这篇综述提供了一种关于纸张定植真菌合成的黑色素的当前知识、它们在真菌结构中的定位以及它们在纸张变质中的作用的方法。这些知识可能有助于开发新的、