The hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HP axis) plays a critical and integrative role in the endocrine system control to maintain homeostasis. The HP axis is responsible for the hormonal events necessary to regulate the thyroid, adrenal glands, gonads, somatic growth, among other functions. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a worldwide public health concern. There is growing evidence that exposure to EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA), some phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and biphenyls (PBBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), tributyltin (TBT), and atrazine (ATR), is associated with HP axis abnormalities. EDCs act on hormone receptors and their downstream signaling pathways and can interfere with hormone synthesis, metabolism, and actions. Because the HP axis function is particularly sensitive to endogenous hormonal changes, disruptions by EDCs can alter HP axis proper function, leading to important endocrine irregularities. Here, we review the evidence that EDCs could directly affect the mammalian HP axis function.

下丘脑-垂体轴（HP轴）在控制内分泌系统以维持体内平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。HP轴负责调节甲状腺，肾上腺，性腺，体细胞生长以及其他功能所必需的激素事件。破坏内分泌的化学物质（EDC）是全球范围内的公共卫生问题。越来越多的证据表明，暴露于双酚A（BPA），某些邻苯二甲酸盐，多氯联苯（PCB），多溴联苯醚（PBDE）和联苯（PBB），二氯二苯基三氯乙烷（DDT），三丁基锡（TBT）和at去津（ ATR）与HP轴异常相关。EDC对激素受体及其下游信号通路起作用，并可能干扰激素的合成，代谢和作用。由于HP轴功能对内源性激素变化特别敏感，因此EDC的破坏会改变HP轴的正常功能，从而导致重要的内分泌异常。在这里，我们回顾了EDC可以直接影响哺乳动物HP轴功能的证据。