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β-cell impairment and clinically meaningful alterations in glycemia in obese youth across the glucose tolerance spectrum.
Metabolism ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154346
Joon Young Kim 1 , Hala Tfayli 2 , Fida Bacha 3 , SoJung Lee 4 , Nour Gebara 5 , Silva Arslanian 6
Affiliation  

Background/aims

In obese youth, it is not clear what degree of β-cell impairment translates to glucose dysregulation commensurate with shifts from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the quantitative relationship between β-cell (clamp-measured disposition index [DI]) and OGTT glucose area under the curve (G-AUC) in obese youth across the spectrum of glucose tolerance.

Methods

Data from 152 youth (58 African-American [AA] and 94 American-White [AW]; 73 NGT, 48 IGT, and 31 type 2 diabetes) who completed a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (80 mu/m2/min)-euglycemic clamp, and a 2-h hyperglycemic (225 mg/dL) clamp synchronized with a 2-h OGTT were examined.

Results

In IGT vs. NGT, 36% lower DI corresponded to 27% higher G-AUC; in type 2 diabetes vs. IGT, 65% lower DI related to 25% higher G-AUC, and in type 2 diabetes vs. NGT, 78% lower DI paralleled 59% higher G-AUC. Although AA vs. AW youth had larger decrements in DI, from NGT to IGT and from NGT to type 2 diabetes, they displayed comparable increments in G-AUC.

Conclusion

At least ~35–50% recovery in β-cell function might be needed to have clinically meaningful improvement in G-AUC commensurate with conversion to better glucose tolerance. Mechanism(s) protective against dysglycemia might be operative in AA vs. AW youth despite greater declines in DI. Treatments aiming to improve β-cell function should focus on degree of change in DI commensurate with clinically meaningful changes in glycemia, reflective of restoration of glucose tolerance.



中文翻译:

跨越葡萄糖耐量范围的肥胖青年的 β 细胞损伤和具有临床意义的血糖变化。

背景/目标

在肥胖青年中,尚不清楚何种程度的 β 细胞损伤会转化为与从正常葡萄糖耐量 (NGT) 到葡萄糖耐量受损 (IGT) 再到 2 型糖尿病的转变相称的葡萄糖失调。我们旨在研究肥胖青年在葡萄糖耐量范围内的 β 细胞(钳测处置指数 [DI])和 OGTT 葡萄糖曲线下面积(G-AUC)之间的定量关系。

方法

来自完成 3 小时高胰岛素血症 (80 mu/m 2 /min) 的152 名青年(58 名非裔美国人 [AA] 和 94 名美国白人 [AW];73 名 NGT、48 名 IGT 和 31 名 2 型糖尿病)的数据-检查了正常血糖钳夹和与 2 小时 OGTT 同步的 2 小时高血糖 (225 毫克/分升) 钳夹。

结果

在 IGT 与 NGT 中,DI 低 36% 对应 G-AUC 高 27%;在 2 型糖尿病与 IGT 中,DI 降低 65% 与 G-AUC 升高 25% 相关,而在 2 型糖尿病与 NGT 中,DI 降低 78% 与 G-AUC 升高 59% 相关。尽管 AA 与 AW 青年的 DI 减少幅度更大,从 NGT 到 IGT,从 NGT 到 2 型糖尿病,但他们在 G-AUC 方面表现出类似的增加。

结论

可能需要至少约 35-50% 的 β 细胞功能恢复才能使 G-AUC 具有临床意义的改善,与转化为更好的葡萄糖耐量相称。尽管 DI 下降幅度更大,但在 AA 与 AW 青年中,针对血糖异常的保护机制可能有效。旨在改善 β 细胞功能的治疗应侧重于与具有临床意义的血糖变化相称的 DI 变化程度,反映葡萄糖耐量的恢复。

更新日期:2020-09-03
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