The role of modeling and simulation in development and operational planning of gas distribution networks is crucially important for system designers and operators, since it allows to get a detailed knowledge of the hydraulic properties of the network. The challenges in simulation of gas distribution networks are usually that of computational efficiency of the methods due to large dimensionality of the simulated networks, though it can also be related to flexible incorporation of the peripheral equipment (e.g., valves, compressors, pressure, and flow regulators) into the network model. Today, however, new challenges emerge as a consequence of market changes facing the gas industry in a multienergy system environment. These changes are expected to bring about significant fluctuations and uncertainty in distributed gas supply and demand as a consequence of increased gas-to-power activities, and a number of decentralized entry points, where deliveries of both liquefied natural gas (LNG) and renewable gases, such as hydrogen and synthetic methane, can be achieved. In this article, technical challenges related to problems with maintaining a stable overall gas distribution system with growing diversification of gas quality combined with gas trading activities (nominations and allocations) in units of energy rather than volume are addressed. Models and selected methods of steady state and transient analysis of gas networks relevant to the ongoing discussion in the field of multienergy systems are considered. The simulation problems of a real large-scale gas distribution network are presented and discussed.

中文翻译：

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多能源系统环境下燃气分配网络的建模与仿真

建模和模拟在天然气分配网络的开发和运营规划中的作用对于系统设计人员和运营商来说至关重要，因为它可以详细了解网络的水力特性。由于模拟网络的维数很大，气体分配网络模拟的挑战通常是方法的计算效率，尽管它也可能与外围设备（例如阀门、压缩机、压力和流量）的灵活结合有关。监管机构）进入网络模型。然而，今天，天然气行业在多能源系统环境中面临的市场变化带来了新的挑战。由于天然气发电活动的增加以及一些分散的入口点，液化天然气 (LNG) 和可再生气体的交付，这些变化预计将导致分布式天然气供需的显着波动和不确定性，如氢气和合成甲烷，都可以实现。在本文中，解决了与维持稳定的整体天然气分配系统、天然气质量日益多样化以及以能源而非数量为单位的天然气交易活动（提名和分配）相关的技术挑战。考虑了与多能源系统领域正在进行的讨论相关的气体网络稳态和瞬态分析的模型和选定方法。