The mechanisms underlying the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) are not well concerned. The study sought to explore the association between growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and the incidence of recurrent events among AF patients after the ablation procedure. We prospectively included 150 consecutive AF patients who underwent RFCA. Clinical information about the patients was collected. Blood samples on the second morning of hospital admission and three months after RFCA were collected, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentration of GDF-15. All participants were followed up at specific times (1st/3rd/6th/12th/18th/24th months) after RFCA to record recurrences events. During a median follow-up of 14.0 months, AF recurrence occurred in 37(24.7%) patients. Baseline serum GDF-15 level in the persistent AF group was significantly higher than the paroxysmal AF group [1140(854~1701)ng/L vs. 1062(651~1374)ng/L, ]. Baseline serum GDF-15 level in the recurrence group was significantly higher than the nonrecurrence group [1287(889~1768) ng/L vs. 1062(694~1373)ng/L, ]. Serum GDF-15 level at three months after RFCA was significantly lower than the baseline [870 (579~1270) ng/L vs. 1155 (735~1632)ng/L, ]. The baseline GDF-15 correlated significantly with LAP (, ) and LAAV(, ). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly lower event-free survival time in the high baseline GDF-15 (≥1287.3 ng/L) group than the low baseline GDF-15 (<1287.3 ng/L) group (17.1 months vs. 20.4 months, Log Rank ). In the multivariate Cox regression, baseline GDF-15(HR 1.053, 95% CI 1.007-1.100, ) and LAD (HR 1.124, 95% CI 1.011-1.250, ) were independent predictors of AF recurrence after RFCA. Our study indicated increased preprocedural GDF-15 is associated with left atrial remodeling and acts as a predictor of AF recurrence after ablation.

中文翻译：

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生长分化因子-15 对导管消融术后心房颤动复发的预测价值。

射频导管消融 (RFCA) 后房颤 (AF) 复发的机制尚未得到很好的关注。该研究试图探讨消融手术后 AF 患者中生长分化因子-15 (GDF-15) 与复发事件发生率之间的关联。我们前瞻性地纳入了 150 名接受 RFCA 的连续 AF 患者。收集了有关患者的临床信息。于入院次日早晨及RFCA后3个月采集血样，采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定GDF-15浓度。在 RFCA 后的特定时间（第 1/3/6/12/18/24 个月）对所有参与者进行随访，以记录复发事件。在 14.0 个月的中位随访期间，37（24.0 个月）发生了 AF 复发。7%) 患者。持续性房颤组基线血清GDF-15水平显着高于阵发性房颤组[1140(854~1701)ng/L vs. 1062(651~1374)ng/L,]。复发组基线血清GDF-15水平显着高于未复发组[1287（889~1768）ng/L vs. 1062（694~1373）ng/L，]。RFCA后三个月血清GDF-15水平显着低于基线[870（579~1270）ng/L vs. 1155（735~1632）ng/L，]。基线 GDF-15 与 LAP 显着相关（, )和 LAAV(, ）。Kaplan-Meier 分析显示，高基线 GDF-15（≥1287.3 ng/L）组的无事件生存时间显着低于低基线 GDF-15（<1287.3 ng/L）组（17.1 个月与 20.4 个月） , 对数秩）。在多元 Cox 回归中，基线 GDF-15(HR 1.053, 95% CI 1.007-1.100,)和 LAD (HR 1.124, 95% CI 1.011-1.250,)是 RFCA 后 AF 复发的独立预测因子。我们的研究表明，术前 GDF-15 的增加与左心房重构有关，并且可以作为消融后 AF 复发的预测因子。