Measurements of the disk-integrated brightness temperature of the Moon at 89, 157, 183, and 190 GHz are presented for phase angles between -80° and 50° relative to full Moon. They were obtained with the Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) on NOAA-18 from 39 instances when the Moon appeared in the deep space view of the instrument. Polynomials were fitted to the measured values and the maximum temperature and the phase angle of its occurrence were determined. A comparison of these results with the predictions from three different models or rather parametrical expressions by Keihm, Mo & Kigawa, and Yang et al. revealed significantly larger phase lags for the lower frequencies in the measurements with MHS. As the Moon has appeared thousands of times in the field of view of all microwave sounders combined, this investigation demonstrates the potential of weather satellites for fine tuning models and establishing the Moon as extremely accurate calibration reference.

中文翻译：

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磁盘集成的月球亮度温度在89至190 GHz之间

针对相对于满月在-80°和50°之间的相角，给出了在89、157、183和190 GHz时月球的磁盘积分亮度温度的测量值。它们是通过NOAA-18上的微波湿度探测器（MHS）从月球出现在仪器深空视野中的39个实例中获得的。将多项式拟合到测量值，并确定其出现的最高温度和相角。这些结果与Keihm，Mo＆Kigawa和Yang等人的三种不同模型的预测或参数表达式的比较。在使用MHS进行的测量中，较低的频率显示出明显更大的相位滞后。在所有微波测深仪结合在一起的视野中，月球已经出现了数千次，