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Theory of Shaping Electron Wavepackets with Light
ACS Photonics ( IF 6.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.0c01133
Ori Reinhardt 1 , Ido Kaminer 1
Affiliation  

We present the quantum theory governing the interaction between short laser pulses and relativistic free electrons and reveal intrinsic conservation laws for such quantum interactions. Through the judicious design of the amplitude and phase of a laser pulse, we propose the complete shaping of the electron temporal wavepacket and energy spectrum. To exemplify the prospects and limitations of the shaping process, we optimize laser pulses that can reduce the energy spread of an electron beam. We also find attosecond laser pulse trains that generate electron combs with record short attosecond features that push the lowest limits of electron temporal duration. We propose to utilize the quantum shaping of the electron energy spectrum for a new kind of light–matter interaction: Matching the shaped electron energy shift to a target material excitation. This way we can transfer the electron coherent state into a new coherent material excitation, allowing access to states that are forbidden with optical excitations. Our formalism generalizes all the previous theoretical models in the area of photon-induced nearfield electron microscopy (PINEM); our formalism can fit experiments in the field that cannot be modeled by the conventional PINEM theory. Altogether, our new formalism of shaping quantum electron-laser interactions in the dimension of time/energy has prospects for novel phenomena in attosecond science, for new techniques in electron microscopy, and for their potential marriage in ultrafast quantum electron optics.

中文翻译:

用光整形电子波包的理论

我们提出了控制短激光脉冲和相对论自由电子之间相互作用的量子理论,并揭示了这种量子相互作用的内在守恒律。通过对激光脉冲幅度和相位的明智设计,我们提出了电子时间波包和能谱的完整成形方法。为了说明整形过程的前景和局限性,我们优化了可以减少电子束能量散布的激光脉冲。我们还发现了产生电子梳的阿秒激光脉冲序列,该电子梳具有创纪录的短阿秒特征,从而推动了电子时间持续时间的最低极限。我们建议利用电子能谱的量子整形来进行新型的光-质相互作用:将整形的电子能移与目标材料的激发相匹配。这样,我们可以将电子相干态转换为新的相干材料激发,从而可以访问光学激发所禁止的状态。我们的形式主义概括了光子感应近场电子显微镜(PINEM)领域中所有先前的理论模型;我们的形式主义可以适应传统PINEM理论无法建模的领域中的实验。总而言之,我们在时间/能量维度上形成量子电子-激光相互作用的新形式主义在原子秒科学,电子显微镜新技术及其在超快量子电子光学中的潜在结合方面具有前景。我们的形式主义概括了光子感应近场电子显微镜(PINEM)领域中所有先前的理论模型;我们的形式主义可以适应传统PINEM理论无法建模的领域中的实验。总而言之,我们在时间/能量维度上形成量子电子-激光相互作用的新形式主义具有在阿秒科学中的新现象,在电子显微镜中的新技术以及在超快量子电子光学中的潜在结合的前景。我们的形式主义概括了光子感应近场电子显微镜(PINEM)领域中所有先前的理论模型;我们的形式主义可以适应传统PINEM理论无法建模的领域中的实验。总而言之,我们在时间/能量维度上形成量子电子-激光相互作用的新形式主义具有在阿秒科学中的新现象,在电子显微镜中的新技术以及在超快量子电子光学中的潜在结合的前景。
更新日期:2020-10-21
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