Amines represent an important class of industrial feedstock as many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, petrochemicals, and healthcare products are derived from them. Researchers are developing methodologies for the functionalization of aliphatic and aromatic amines by improving their functional‐group tolerance, regioselectivity, chemoselectivity, and time efficiency. Among the most studied methods for the derivatization of amines, C−H activation is gaining significant interest due to easy‐to‐follow, environmentally friendly, and time‐economic protocols. Transition‐metal‐catalyzed C(sp³)−H and C(sp²)−H activation is a fascinating field of chemistry where the electronics of the structure, functional group characteristics, and nature of the directing group (DG) decide the outcome of the chemical reaction. Under carefully tailored reaction conditions and by a selection of the correct substrates/reagent, site‐specific C−H functionalization can be achieved at different positions with respect to the amine group. This review provides an overview of the combination of carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom functionalizations and describes recent state‐of‐the‐art methodologies, as well as challenges in this emerging field.

中文翻译：

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使用指导组指导策略的胺的位点选择性C（sp3）-H和C（sp2）-H功能化

胺代表了工业原料的重要类别，因为许多药物，农用化学品，石化产品和保健产品都来自它们。研究人员正在通过提高脂肪族和芳香族胺的官能团耐受性，区域选择性，化学选择性和时间效率来开发官能化脂肪胺和芳香胺的方法。在研究最多的胺衍生化方法中，由于易于遵循，对环境友好且节省时间的协议，CH活化引起了人们的极大兴趣。过渡金属催化的C（sp ³）-H和C（sp ²-H活化是化学的一个引人入胜的领域，其中结构的电子，官能团的特性以及导向基团（DG）的性质决定了化学反应的结果。在精心定制的反应条件下，通过选择正确的底物/试剂，相对于胺基团，可以在不同位置实现特定位置的CH官能团。这篇综述概述了碳-碳和碳-杂原子功能化的结合，并描述了最新的技术方法，以及在这个新兴领域中的挑战。