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Toxicity of imidacloprid to collembolans in two tropical soils under different soil moisture
Journal of Environmental Quality ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 , DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20143
Thuanne Braúlio Hennig 1, 2 , Felipe Ogliari Bandeira 1 , Adriano Junior Dalpasquale 2 , Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso 3 , Dilmar Baretta 1, 4 , Paulo Roger Lopes Alves 2
Affiliation  

Shifts in precipitation regimes due to the predicted climate changes can alter the water content in tropical soils and, consequently, may influence the toxicity of pesticides to soil fauna. This study assessed the influence of soil moisture content on the toxicity of the insecticide imidacloprid to the collembolans Folsomia candida in two tropical soils and evaluated the risk of this active ingredient for this species in the soils tested through the toxicity exposure ratio approach. Acute and chronic toxicity tests with F. candida were performed using an Entisol and an Oxisol. The soils were spiked with increasing imidacloprid concentrations while simulating normal water availability (60% of the water holding capacity [WHC]) and water restriction (30 or 45% WHC) for the tests. In the Oxisol, the reduction of soil moisture content significantly increased the toxic effects of imidacloprid on F. candida's survival (LC50 at 45% WHC = 23.8 vs. LC50 at 60% WHC >64 mg kg-1) and reproduction (effective concentration causing reductions in species reproduction of 50% [EC50] at 45% WHC = 0.32 vs. EC50 at 60% WHC = 2.83 mg kg-1), but in the Entisol no clear influence of the soil moisture on the toxicity of imidacloprid for collembolans was found. A significant risk for F. candida was observed in the Oxisol only when in water restriction, whereas in the Entisol it occurred regardless of soil moisture, suggesting that the imidacloprid hazard and risk for F. candida may be increased if soil moisture decreases due to climate changes, depending on the soil type.

中文翻译:

吡虫啉对不同土壤湿度下两种热带土壤中弹跳虫的毒性

由于预测的气候变化而导致的降水状况的变化会改变热带土壤中的水含量,因此可能会影响农药对土壤动物的毒性。本研究评估了土壤水分含量对两种热带土壤中杀虫剂吡虫啉对弹跳虫 Folsomia candida 的毒性的影响,并通过毒性暴露比方法评估了该活性成分在测试土壤中对该物种的风险。使用 Entisol 和 Oxisol 对念珠菌进行急性和慢性毒性试验。在模拟正常可用水量(持水量 [WHC] 的 60%)和水分限制(30 或 45% WHC)的同时,在土壤中添加越来越高的吡虫啉浓度。在 Oxisol 中,土壤水分含量的降低显着增加了吡虫啉对念珠菌存活(45% WHC 时的 LC50 = 23.8 与 60% WHC 时的 LC50 >64 mg kg-1)和繁殖(有效浓度导致物种繁殖减少)的毒性作用50% [EC50] at 45% WHC = 0.32 vs. EC50 at 60% WHC = 2.83 mg kg-1),但在 Entisol 中没有发现土壤水分对吡虫啉对弹尾虫毒性的明显影响。仅在限水条件下,在 Oxisol 中观察到念珠菌的显着风险,而在 Entisol 中,无论土壤湿度如何,它都会发生,这表明如果土壤水分因气候而降低,吡虫啉的危害和念珠菌的风险可能会增加变化,取决于土壤类型。s 存活(45% WHC 时的 LC50 = 23.8 对比 60% WHC 时的 LC50 >64 mg kg-1)和繁殖(有效浓度导致物种繁殖减少 50% [EC50] 45% WHC = 0.32 对比 EC50 在60% WHC = 2.83 mg kg-1),但在 Entisol 中没有发现土壤水分对吡虫啉对弹尾虫的毒性的明显影响。仅在限水条件下,在 Oxisol 中观察到念珠菌的显着风险,而在 Entisol 中,无论土壤湿度如何,它都会发生,这表明如果土壤水分因气候而降低,吡虫啉的危害和念珠菌的风险可能会增加变化,取决于土壤类型。s 存活(45% WHC 时的 LC50 = 23.8 对比 60% WHC 时的 LC50 >64 mg kg-1)和繁殖(有效浓度导致物种繁殖减少 50% [EC50] 45% WHC = 0.32 对比 EC50 在60% WHC = 2.83 mg kg-1),但在 Entisol 中没有发现土壤水分对吡虫啉对跳虫的毒性的明显影响。仅在限水条件下,在 Oxisol 中观察到念珠菌的显着风险,而在 Entisol 中,无论土壤湿度如何,它都会发生,这表明如果土壤水分因气候而降低,吡虫啉的危害和念珠菌的风险可能会增加变化,取决于土壤类型。但在Entisol中没有发现土壤水分对吡虫啉对弹尾虫的毒性的明显影响。仅在限水条件下,在 Oxisol 中观察到念珠菌的显着风险,而在 Entisol 中,无论土壤湿度如何,它都会发生,这表明如果土壤水分因气候而降低,吡虫啉的危害和念珠菌的风险可能会增加变化,取决于土壤类型。但在Entisol中没有发现土壤水分对吡虫啉对弹尾虫的毒性的明显影响。仅在限水条件下,在 Oxisol 中观察到念珠菌的显着风险,而在 Entisol 中,无论土壤湿度如何,它都会发生,这表明如果土壤水分因气候而降低,吡虫啉的危害和念珠菌的风险可能会增加变化,取决于土壤类型。
更新日期:2020-09-17
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