Abstract Holocene vegetation changes are good indicators of climate change/and or human impacts. The environmental history in the semi-arid region with Caatinga vegetation in Northeast Brazil has been still little studied. A 420 cm-long sediment core collected in a mire at the Catimbau National Park, State of Pernambuco, has been analyzed for pollen, spores, charcoal, and sedimentological characteristics. The core is dated by three AMS radiocarbon dates and is at the bottom of the core about 2800 cal yr BP old. Results indicate three different periods of sedimentological and environmental characteristics. The first period from 2800 to 2150 cal yr BP is characterized by the dominance of the pioneer tree Cecropia, and high charcoal amounts, indicative of strong environmental disturbances due to frequent fires. The vegetation compositions with less frequent ferns suggest the predominance of relatively dry conditions. In the following period between 2150 and 450 cal yr BP, the Moraceae-dominated forest with ferns suggesting wetter conditions. The increased occurrence of the Orbignya palm, as well as the bean Phaseolus, combined with abundant charcoal, suggest even stronger influence of Amerindians in the area. During the last period, after 450 cal yr BP, arboreal species were replaced by herbaceous taxa, indicating more open vegetation. The fire regime has been reduced. This evidence points to the return of drier conditions and the complete decline of the Amerindian population in the area, after the arrival of European colonizers.

中文翻译：

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从巴西东北部卡廷加的植被和火灾历史推断出的全新世晚期气候动态和人类影响

摘要 全新世植被变化是气候变化/和/或人类影响的良好指标。巴西东北部有卡廷加植被的半干旱地区的环境历史仍然鲜有研究。在伯南布哥州 Catimbau 国家公园的泥潭中收集的 420 厘米长的沉积物芯已分析了花粉、孢子、木炭和沉积学特征。核心由三个 AMS 放射性碳测年确定，位于核心底部约 2800 cal yr BP。结果表明三个不同时期的沉积学和环境特征。从 2800 到 2150 cal yr BP 的第一个时期的特点是先锋树 Cecropia 占主导地位，木炭含量高，表明由于频繁的火灾造成强烈的环境干扰。蕨类植物较少出现的植被成分表明相对干燥的条件占主导地位。在接下来的 2150 和 450 cal yr BP 之间，桑科植物占主导地位的森林与蕨类植物表明条件更湿润。Orbignya 棕榈树和菜豆的出现增加，再加上丰富的木炭，表明美洲印第安人对该地区的影响更大。在最后一个时期，在 450 cal yr BP 之后，树栖物种被草本类群所取代，表明植被更加开放。火势已被减少。这一证据表明，在欧洲殖民者到来之后，该地区的干燥条件恢复了，美洲印第安人的人口完全减少了。桑科占主导地位的森林与蕨类植物表明更潮湿的条件。Orbignya 棕榈树和菜豆的出现增加，再加上丰富的木炭，表明美洲印第安人对该地区的影响更大。在最后一个时期，在 450 cal yr BP 之后，树栖物种被草本类群所取代，表明植被更加开放。火势已被减少。这一证据表明，在欧洲殖民者到来之后，该地区的干燥条件恢复了，美洲印第安人的人口完全减少了。桑科占主导地位的森林与蕨类植物表明更潮湿的条件。Orbignya 棕榈树和菜豆的出现增加，再加上丰富的木炭，表明美洲印第安人对该地区的影响更大。在最后一个时期，在 450 cal yr BP 之后，树栖物种被草本类群所取代，表明植被更加开放。火势已被减少。这一证据表明，在欧洲殖民者到来之后，该地区的干旱条件恢复了，美洲印第安人的人口完全减少了。树栖物种被草本类群所取代，表明植被更加开放。火势已被减少。这一证据表明，在欧洲殖民者到来之后，该地区的干燥条件恢复了，美洲印第安人的人口完全减少了。树栖物种被草本类群所取代，表明植被更加开放。火势已被减少。这一证据表明，在欧洲殖民者到来之后，该地区的干燥条件恢复了，美洲印第安人的人口完全减少了。