Abstract Nanostructure and wettability present great potentials on high power electronics cooling. However, it is challenging to design optimal nanostructure for thermal management due to the mechanism of interaction between structure and wettability on boiling heat transfer which is not explicit. In this paper, a series of rough surfaces with different wettability were modeled to study the relationship between effects of nanostructure and wettability on rapid boiling. The simulation results showed that the increment of nanochannels height, which resulted in the enlargement of hydrophilic area, significantly promoted supply of liquid water and thermal energy transfer. What's more, potential energy and the density of water molecules on nanochannels zone were similar to that on hydrophobic zone, promoting nucleation points formation and evaporation. Based on those results, thermal design theory of optimized surface is established: big hydrophilic area, more nucleation points and potential energy difference of water molecules between hydrophilic zone and nucleation point are the key elements on surface designing. Thus, nanochannels with certain space and height were designed on a hydrophilic surface, which satisfied the optimization requirements, to enhance the nano heat transfer.

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纳米通道铜板界面润湿性增强传热机制：分子动力学研究

摘要 纳米结构和润湿性在高功率电子冷却方面具有巨大的潜力。然而，由于结构和润湿性对沸腾传热的相互作用机制尚不明确，因此设计用于热管理的最佳纳米结构具有挑战性。在本文中，对一系列具有不同润湿性的粗糙表面进行建模，以研究纳米结构与润湿性对快速沸腾的影响之间的关系。模拟结果表明，纳米通道高度的增加导致亲水面积的扩大，显着促进了液态水的供给和热能传递。此外，纳米通道区的势能和水分子密度与疏水区相似，促进成核点的形成和蒸发。基于这些结果，建立了优化表面的热设计理论：大的亲水面积、更多的成核点和亲水区与成核点之间的水分子势能差是表面设计的关键要素。因此，在满足优化要求的亲水表面上设计了具有一定空间和高度的纳米通道，以增强纳米传热。