Purpose

Myopia prevalence has increased in recent years, including the levels of high myopia. While myopia has been associated with scleral remodelling and changes in posterior scleral shape, there has been little research examining how myopia affects in-vivo anterior sclera shape. We compared anterior scleral shape in emmetropes, low to moderate myopes, and high myopes.

Methods

In this prospective study, the Eye Surface Profiler instrument was used to quantify anterior eye surface shapes of forty-five young adult participants (58 % females) aged between 18 and 35 years, including 15 emmetropes, 15 low to moderate myopes, and 15 high myopes. Sagittal height and axial radius of curvature of regions over the nasal and temporal corneal periphery and anterior sclera were exported and analysed.

Results

After quality control of the data, 39 and 43 subjects had data analysed from the nasal and temporal sides, respectively. The nasal sides of the surfaces of the corneal periphery and anterior sclera had greater sagittal height in high myopes than in emmetropes across all regions (mean sagittal heights 2.44 ± 0.07 and 2.21 ± 0.04 mm, respectively, p = 0.02), but no significant differences were found between low to moderate myopes with emmetropes or with high myopes. No significant refractive group differences occurred for temporal anterior eye surface height. High myopes’ nasal-temporal asymmetry of sagittal height was less than of emmetropes (means 0.20 ± 0.07 and 0.46 ± 0.06 mm, respectively, p = 0.02). High myopes also exhibited less nasal-temporal axial radius of curvature asymmetry than emmetropes (mean 0.35 ± 0.08 and 0.71 ± 0.08 mm, respectively, p = 0.01) across all regions.

Conclusions

High myopes exhibited a different anterior eye surface shape than emmetropes, having greater sagittal height in the nasal corneal periphery and anterior sclera. There was less nasal-temporal asymmetry of sagittal height and axial radius of curvature in high myopes than in emmetropes. Asymmetric growth of the eye associated with myopia development may be the underlying reason. These findings have implications for design of contact lenses, particularly soft and larger rigid lenses such as mini-sclerals.

中文翻译：

---

正视眼、低至中度近视和高度近视的前眼形状

目的

近年来近视患病率有所增加，包括高度近视。虽然近视与巩膜重塑和后巩膜形状变化有关，但很少有研究探讨近视如何影响体内前巩膜形状。我们比较了正视眼、低至中度近视和高度近视的前巩膜形状。

方法

在这项前瞻性研究中，Eye Surface Profiler 仪器用于量化年龄在 18 至 35 岁之间的 45 名年轻成人参与者（58% 为女性）的前眼表面形状，包括 15 名正视眼、15 名低至中度近视和 15 名高度近视。近视。输出并分析鼻部和颞部角膜周边和前巩膜区域的矢状高度和轴向曲率半径。

结果

在对数据进行质量控制后，分别对 39 名和 43 名受试者进行了鼻侧和颞侧的数据分析。在所有区域，高度近视患者的角膜周边和前巩膜表面鼻侧的矢状高度高于正视眼（平均矢状高度分别为 2.44 ± 0.07 和 2.21 ± 0.04 mm，p = 0.02），但无显着差异在低度至中度近视与正视眼或高度近视之间发现。颞前眼表面高度没有显着的屈光组差异。高度近视患者的矢状高度鼻-时间不对称性小于正视眼（分别为 0.20 ± 0.07 和 0.46 ± 0.06 mm，p = 0.02）。高度近视还表现出比正视眼更少的鼻颞轴曲率半径不对称性（平均 0.35 ± 0.08 和 0.71 ± 0.08 mm，

结论

高度近视与正视眼表现出不同的前眼表面形状，在鼻角膜周边和前巩膜具有更大的矢状高度。与正视眼相比，高度近视患者的矢状高度和轴向曲率半径的鼻-颞不对称性更小。与近视发展相关的眼睛不对称生长可能是根本原因。这些发现对隐形眼镜的设计具有重要意义，特别是柔软和较大的刚性镜片，例如迷你巩膜。