In recent years, several multi-user virtual environments (VEs) have been developed to promote motivation and exercise intensity in motor rehabilitation. While competitive VEs have been extensively evaluated, collaborative and competitive rehabilitation VEs have seen relatively little study. Therefore, this article presents an evaluation of a VE for post-stroke arm rehabilitation that mimics everyday kitchen tasks and can be used either solo or collaboratively. Twenty subacute stroke survivors exercised with the VE for four sessions, with the first and third sessions involving solo exercise and the other two involving collaborative exercise. Exercise intensity was measured using inertial sensors while motivation was measured with questionnaires. Results showed high motivation and exercise intensity over all four sessions, and 11 of 20 participants preferred collaborative over solo exercise while only 4 preferred solo exercise. However, there were no differences in motivation, exercise duration, or exercise intensity between solo and collaborative sessions. Thus, we cannot currently claim that collaborative exercises are beneficial for upper limb rehabilitation. Future studies should evaluate other collaborative VE designs in different settings (e.g., at home) and with different participant pairs (e.g., patient-unimpaired) to find effective ways to utilize collaborative exercises in motor rehabilitation.

中文翻译：

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用于手臂康复的协作虚拟环境的多会话评估

近年来，已经开发了几种多用户虚拟环境（VE）以促进运动康复中的动机和运动强度。虽然对竞争性 VE 进行了广泛的评估，但对协作性和竞争性康复 VE 的研究相对较少。因此，本文对用于中风后手臂康复的 VE 进行了评估，该 VE 模拟日常厨房任务，可以单独使用或协作使用。20 名亚急性中风幸存者使用 VE 进行了四次锻炼，第一次和第三次锻炼涉及单独锻炼，另外两次涉及协作锻炼。运动强度使用惯性传感器测量，而动机使用问卷测量。结果显示，所有四节课的动机和运动强度都很高，20 位参与者中有 11 位更喜欢协作而不是单独练习，而只有 4 位更喜欢单独练习。然而，单独和协作会话之间的动机、运动持续时间或运动强度没有差异。因此，我们目前不能声称协作练习有利于上肢康复。未来的研究应该评估不同环境（例如，在家）和不同参与者对（例如，未受损的患者）中的其他协作 VE 设计，以找到在运动康复中利用协作练习的有效方法。我们目前不能声称协作锻炼对上肢康复有益。未来的研究应该评估不同环境（例如，在家）和不同参与者对（例如，未受损的患者）中的其他协作 VE 设计，以找到在运动康复中利用协作练习的有效方法。我们目前不能声称协作锻炼对上肢康复有益。未来的研究应该评估不同环境（例如，在家）和不同参与者对（例如，未受损的患者）中的其他协作 VE 设计，以找到在运动康复中利用协作练习的有效方法。