ABSTRACT: The anchialine ecosystem, defined as tidally influenced, nearshore bodies of water with subterranean freshwater and seawater connections, has been relatively unstudied regarding its microbial communities. Notably, anchialine habitats of the Hawaiian Archipelago, specifically the Cape Kinau (Maui) and Kona (Hawaii) regions, can possess distinctive, laminated orange cyanobacterial-bacterial crusts found nowhere else worldwide. However, nearly nothing is known about the degree to which seasonal fluctuations in water chemistry might influence shifts in their community composition. To test the hypothesis that taxonomic diversity and relative sequence abundance exhibit dynamics correlating to particular seasonal environmental factors, benthic and water column microbial communities from 6 habitats in these 2 geographical regions were examined during 2 wet and 2 dry seasons via high-throughput sequencing of hypervariable V6 (Bacteria-specific) and V9 (micro-Eukarya-biased) regions from rRNA genes. Although significant seasonal variation occurred in water chemistry characteristics such as salinity, ammonium, dissolved organic carbon, total dissolved nitrogen, and nitrite + nitrate during the same period, overall benthic and water column microbial community structure instead correlated with spatial factors such as latitude and annual rainfall. Despite this, approximately half of the identified third-level clades (i.e. approximately class-level nomenclatures) within these communities exhibited variation in relative sequence abundances between wet and dry seasons. Furthermore, relative abundance changes for approximately three-quarters of these clades correlated with at least one seasonally varying factor. Thus, while microbial communities in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem did not show stable composition year-round, overall community structure correlated more strongly with the spatial, rather than temporal, context of any given habitat.

中文翻译：

---

比较湿季和旱季来自夏威夷an碱生态系统的细菌和微型真核生物的群落结构

摘要：邻苯二酚生态系统定义为受潮汐影响的近岸水体，具有地下淡水和海水连接，但对其微生物群落的研究相对较少。值得注意的是，夏威夷群岛的an鱼碱栖息地，特别是Cape Kinau（毛伊岛）和Kona（夏威夷）地区，可以拥有独特的，夹层的橙色蓝细菌-细菌性结壳。但是，关于水化学的季节性波动可能影响其群落组成变化的程度，几乎一无所知。为了检验以下假设：分类学多样性和相对序列丰度表现出与特定季节环境因素相关的动态，细菌特异性）和V9（微型Eukarya）rRNA基因偏向）区域。尽管同一时期内水化学特征（例如盐度，铵，溶解的有机碳，总溶解氮和亚硝酸盐+硝酸盐）发生了明显的季节性变化，但底栖和水柱的整体微生物群落结构却与纬度和年长等空间因素相关。雨量。尽管如此，在这些群落中，大约一半的已鉴定的三级进化枝（即，大约为类的命名法）在湿季和干季之间表现出相对序列丰度的变化。此外，这些进化枝中大约四分之三的相对丰度变化与至少一个季节性变化因子相关。从而，