The gut microbiome is made up of hundreds of trillions of microorganisms that reside in a state of homeostatic balance within the healthy individual. Next generation sequencing has provided insight into the diversity of these microorganisms that reside within our gastrointestinal tract; despite developments in metabolomics and culturing techniques, the functions of many of these bacteria remain largely elusive. As such, research into the capacity of the gut microbiome to regulate immune homeostasis has revealed the importance of bacteria in human health, with the potential for exploiting these bacteria only now coming into focus.

中文翻译：

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胃肠道疾病中粪便微生物群移植的未来

肠道微生物组由成千上万亿微生物组成，这些微生物以健康个体内的体内平衡状态存在。下一代测序提供了洞悉我们胃肠道中这些微生物多样性的见解；尽管代谢组学和培养技术有所发展，但许多细菌的功能仍然难以捉摸。因此，对肠道微生物组调节免疫稳态的能力的研究表明细菌在人类健康中的重要性，而利用这些细菌的潜力才成为人们关注的焦点。