Pyroligneous acid (PA) is produced during the combustion of woody biomass and is a complex aqueous fraction resulting from the thermochemical rupture of the components of vegetable biomass. We evaluated the effect of PA on the soil microbial community and activity in order to assess the applicability of this acid in soil and to gather further information on the mechanisms of its toxicity or stimulation. Five concentrations of PA solution (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5%) were selected to monitor the biochemical parameters of the soil. The respirometric test showed that the increase in the evolved carbon dioxide-carbon (C) was not due to a release of the native organic C from the soil, but only from the organic compounds of PA. The highest values of microbial biomass content were found in the soil treated with the lowest PA doses, but decreased with increased doses. At higher application doses (2 and 5%), there was a decrease in most enzymatic activities and a loss of soil quality. When PA was applied in doses of up to 1%, our results indicated no negative effects on soil biology and that there was even an improvement.

中文翻译：

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焦木酸施用于土壤后的土壤生化活性

焦木酸 (PA) 是在木质生物质燃烧过程中产生的，它是一种复杂的水性部分，由植物生物质的成分热化学破裂产生。我们评估了 PA 对土壤微生物群落和活动的影响，以评估这种酸在土壤中的适用性，并收集有关其毒性或刺激机制的进一步信息。选择五种浓度的 PA 溶液 (0、0.5、1、2 和 5%) 来监测土壤的生化参数。呼吸测量测试表明，释放的二氧化碳-碳 (C) 的增加不是由于土壤中天然有机 C 的释放，而只是来自 PA 的有机化合物。在用最低 PA 剂量处理的土壤中发现微生物生物量含量的最高值，但随着剂量的增加而减少。在较高的施用剂量（2% 和 5%）下，大多数酶活性降低，土壤质量下降。当 PA 以高达 1% 的剂量施用时，我们的结果表明对土壤生物学没有负面影响，甚至有所改善。