Constructed waters (e.g. dams and retired quarries) are commonly found to have a different zooplankton composition than are natural waters, and to be more readily invaded by non-indigenous species. Constructed ponds are common on farmland, but zooplankton research in these areas is scarce. Consequently, our aims were to (1) compare zooplankton communities between natural ponds and dams in rural environments and, (2) examine environmental determinants of zooplankton community composition among rural ponds. Thirty-eight ponds on farmland in New Zealand were sampled for zooplankton in winter–spring 2018 and summer 2019. All ponds were eutrophic, and zooplankton taxa typical of such conditions were common in both pond types (e.g. Brachionus, Keratella and Polyarthra species). Zooplankton community composition differed statistically between each type, although we deemed this difference to be ecologically insignificant (one-way ANOSIM, r = 0.09, P = 0.014). Prevalence of non-indigenous species was low, with 7% of farm dams and 2% of natural ponds being invaded, indicating that farm ponds are not acting as ‘stepping-stones’ for invaders across landscapes. Macrophyte abundance and concentration of humic substances were the dominant environmental variables measured determining zooplankton distribution among ponds.

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农场生活：天然池塘和人工水坝中的浮游动物群落是否相同？

人工水域（例如水坝和废弃的采石场）通常被发现具有与天然水域不同的浮游动物组成，并且更容易被非本土物种入侵。人工池塘在农田上很常见，但这些地区的浮游动物研究很少。因此，我们的目标是 (1) 比较农村环境中天然池塘和水坝之间的浮游动物群落，(2) 检查农村池塘中浮游动物群落组成的环境决定因素。2018 年冬春季和 2019 年夏季，对新西兰农田上的 38 个池塘进行了浮游动物采样。所有池塘都是富营养化的，在这两种池塘类型中，典型的浮游动物类群在两种池塘类型中都很常见（例如 Brachionus、Keratella 和 Polyarthra 物种）。浮游动物群落组成在每种类型之间存在统计学差异，尽管我们认为这种差异在生态上是微不足道的（单向 ANOSIM，r = 0.09，P = 0.014）。非本土物种的流行率很低，有 7% 的农场水坝和 2% 的天然池塘被入侵，这表明农场池塘不是跨景观入侵者的“垫脚石”。大型植物丰度和腐殖质浓度是测定池塘中浮游动物分布的主要环境变量。