Context The food security of Tunisia is dependent on utilising all of its resources effectively to feed the population. Rangelands used for grazing are subject to continuous degradation, which reduces the availability of feeds to livestock. In the oasis regions, this constraint is attenuated by the systematic use of various by-products of the palm grove. There is a need to constantly search for alternative feed resources to support ruminant-livestock farming in arid regions and, therefore, the products of desert oases need to be exploited Aims The present work aimed to determine the effect of the use of local resources of oases on feed intake and milk quality of goats. Methods Twenty-four indigenous lactating goats were used to investigate the effect of the substitution of the concentrate feed with alternative feed obtained from oases in Tunisian arid zones. The three study groups in the 60-day trial were as follows: the first group received 0% date waste (WD) + 100% concentrate (CON) + oaten hay; the second group received 50% WD + 30% alfalfa cork (AC) + 20% CON + alfalfa hay; and the third group received 50% WD + 50% AC and no CON + alfalfa hay. Key results Feed intake was higher in Group 2 (1167.10 ± 42.8 g DM/day) than in Groups 3 and 1 (1028.9 ± 68.9 and 856.04 ± 58.9 g DM/day respectively. Average daily milk production did not differ among the groups. Dietary fat and crude protein were not affected by the type of ration. The concentrations of saturated fatty acids were similar in the milk of the three groups. In the three groups studied, the ratio n6 : n3 (12.80, 8.80 and 6.77) was higher than the recommended value (<5) for human consumption. Conclusions The use of WD did not affect milk production but it improved the nutritional quality of milk, especially the composition of fatty acid (ratio n6/n3). Implications The use of alternative resources in goat feeding, such as WD and alfalfa cork, can replace the use of market feeds and decrease the costs of animal feed.

中文翻译：

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突尼斯干旱地区绿洲资源喂养的本土奶山羊奶的质量和脂肪酸组成

背景 突尼斯的粮食安全取决于有效利用其所有资源来养活人口。用于放牧的牧场不断退化，从而减少了牲畜饲料的供应。在绿洲地区，这种限制因有系统地使用棕榈林的各种副产品而减弱。需要不断寻找替代饲料资源来支持干旱地区的反刍动物养殖，因此需要开发沙漠绿洲的产品 目的 目前的工作旨在确定利用当地绿洲资源的效果对山羊采食量和牛奶质量的影响。方法 使用 24 只本地泌乳山羊研究用从突尼斯干旱区绿洲获得的替代饲料替代精饲料的效果。60天试验中的三个研究组如下：第一组接受0%椰枣废物（WD）+100%浓缩物（CON）+燕麦干草；第二组接受 50% WD + 30% 苜蓿软木塞 (AC) + 20% CON + 苜蓿干草；第三组接受 50% WD + 50% AC 并且没有 CON + 苜蓿干草。主要结果 第 2 组的饲料摄入量（1167.10 ± 42.8 g DM/天）高于第 3 组和第 1 组（分别为 1028.9 ± 68.9 和 856.04 ± 58.9 g DM/天。平均每日产奶量在各组之间没有差异。膳食脂肪和粗蛋白不受日粮类型的影响。三组牛奶中饱和脂肪酸的浓度相似。在所研究的三组中，n6 : n3 的比率（12.80、8.80 和 6.77）高于人类食用的推荐值（<5）。结论 使用WD不影响产奶量，但提高了牛奶的营养品质，尤其是脂肪酸的组成（n6/n3）。影响 在山羊饲养中使用替代资源，如 WD 和苜蓿软木，可以替代市场饲料的使用并降低动物饲料的成本。尤其是脂肪酸的组成（比率n6/n3）。影响 在山羊饲养中使用替代资源，如 WD 和苜蓿软木，可以替代市场饲料的使用并降低动物饲料的成本。尤其是脂肪酸的组成（比率n6/n3）。影响 在山羊饲养中使用替代资源，如 WD 和苜蓿软木，可以替代市场饲料的使用并降低动物饲料的成本。