The life table is a type of research tool that is frequently used in many studies involving population and community ecology. They are the basis for many comprehensive studies in pest management, pesticide resistance, predator-prey relationships, biological control, mass-rearing and harvesting of insects, plant resistance, etc. Because the morphology, physiology, survival, fecundity, and predation/consumption rate of most arthropods will vary significantly depending on their developmental stage and sex, precise description of stage differentiation and inclusion of both sexes are critical for attaining realistic and accurate life table analyses and correctly evaluating the overall fitness of populations. Since traditional female age-specific life tables ignore the male individuals in a population and are incapable of describing the unique and important feature of stage differentiation (i.e., metamorphosis) that is a defining characteristic of insects and mites, their application to data analysis involving these groups will inevitably result in miscalculations and limit the practical application of these life tables. On the other hand, the age-stage, two-sex life table (hereafter referred to as the two-sex life table whenever appropriate), can precisely delineate stage differentiation and includes both sexes in data analysis, description, and interpretation, and in practical applications. In this review, the problems of female age-specific life tables are examined, followed by a discussion of the advantages of using the two-sex life table. Finally, applications of the two-sex life table in various types of entomological research are discussed and accompanied by examples.

中文翻译：

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年龄，两性生活表：理论，数据分析和应用简介

生命表是一种研究工具，经常在涉及人口和社区生态学的许多研究中使用。它们是害虫管理，杀虫剂抗性，捕食者与猎物之间的关系，生物防治，昆虫的大量繁殖和收获，植物抗性等许多综合研究的基础。因为它们的形态，生理，存活，繁殖力和捕食/消费大多数节肢动物的发病率将根据它们的发育阶段和性别而有很大不同，对阶段分化和性别的精确描述对于获得现实，准确的生命表分析和正确评估总体总体适应能力至关重要。由于传统的按年龄划分的女性生命表忽略了种群中的男性个体，并且无法描述昆虫和螨虫定义特征的阶段分化（即变态）的独特而重要的特征，因此将其应用于涉及这些因素的数据分析中组将不可避免地导致计算错误，并限制了这些生命表的实际应用。另一方面，年龄两性生活表（以下简称“两性生活表”，在适当时称为“两性生活表”）可以准确地描绘出年龄区分，并在数据分析，描述和解释以及实际应用。在这篇综述中，研究了针对女性的特定年龄生命表的问题，然后讨论了使用两性生命表的优势。最后，