Coastal ecosystems in the eastern U.S. have been severely altered by human development, and climate change and other stressors are now further degrading the capacity of those ecological and social systems to remain resilient in the face of such disturbances. We sought to identify potential ways in which local conservation interests in the Lowcountry of South Carolina (USA) could participate in a social process of adaptation planning, and how that process might ultimately be broadened to engage a more diverse set of partners. We engaged participants through a combination of informal meetings, workshops, and other collaborative interactions to explore how the conservation community perceives and pursues its various missions, and how that community might confront the threats and opportunities in its future. Coproduction of knowledge and meaning were facilitated by collaborative scenario planning and strategic planning evaluation, which illuminated how the conservation community is integral to the broader governance of the region and highlighted how responses to forces of change are mediated through local culture, economics, and politics. We suggest an interpretation of conservation in which the fundamental objectives of both social and ecological systems might be prioritized in tandem, rather than narrowly focusing on environmental protection without consideration of the social landscape. Ultimately, adaptive capacity depends on the ability to act collectively, and social capital, trust, and organization greatly influence the capacity to act. Thus, we conclude that the presence of strong social networks, coordination and deliberation among diverse stakeholders, mechanisms for experiential feedback, and emphasis on social learning are key elements needed to build adaptive capacity. Central to the evolving perspective of governance of the commons is recognition that social and ecological systems are coupled; the issues and problems of one cannot be addressed without considering the consequences for the other. Moreover, a dominant theme emerging from our research and that of other scholars is the importance of culture and place attachment, which generates social cohesion and facilitates problem solving. These ideas have important implications for when, where, and how stakeholders are engaged to address the rapid changes being experienced by socialecological systems.

中文翻译：

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在经历全球变化的沿海地区建设适应能力

美国东部的沿海生态系统已因人类发展而严重改变，气候变化和其他压力因素正在进一步降低这些生态和社会系统在面对此类干扰时保持弹性的能力。我们试图确定南卡罗来纳州（美国）低地的当地保护利益可以参与适应规划社会过程的潜在方式，以及如何最终扩大该过程以吸引更多不同的合作伙伴。我们通过非正式会议、研讨会和其他协作互动相结合的方式让参与者参与进来，以探索保护社区如何看待和追求其各种使命，以及该社区如何应对未来的威胁和机遇。协作情景规划和战略规划评估促进了知识和意义的共同生产，这阐明了保护社区如何成为该地区更广泛治理的组成部分，并强调了如何通过当地文化、经济和政治来调节对变化力量的反应。我们建议对保护进行一种解释，其中社会和生态系统的基本目标可能被优先考虑，而不是狭隘地关注环境保护而不考虑社会景观。归根结底，适应能力取决于集体行动的能力，而社会资本、信任和组织对行动能力有很大影响。因此，我们得出结论，强大的社交网络的存在，不同利益攸关方之间的协调和审议、经验反馈机制以及对社会学习的重视是建设适应能力所需的关键要素。公地治理不断演变的观点的核心是承认社会和生态系统是耦合的；如果不考虑对另一个的后果，就不能解决一个的问题。此外，我们和其他学者的研究中出现的一个主要主题是文化和地方依恋的重要性，这会产生社会凝聚力并促进问题的解决。这些想法对于利益相关者何时、何地以及如何参与以应对社会生态系统正在经历的快速变化具有重要意义。强调社会学习是建立适应能力所需的关键要素。公地治理不断演变的观点的核心是承认社会和生态系统是耦合的；如果不考虑对另一个的后果，就不能解决一个的问题。此外，我们和其他学者的研究中出现的一个主要主题是文化和地方依恋的重要性，这会产生社会凝聚力并促进问题的解决。这些想法对于利益相关者何时、何地以及如何参与以应对社会生态系统正在经历的快速变化具有重要意义。强调社会学习是建立适应能力所需的关键要素。公地治理不断演变的观点的核心是承认社会和生态系统是耦合的；如果不考虑对另一个的后果，就不能解决一个的问题。此外，我们和其他学者的研究中出现的一个主要主题是文化和地方依恋的重要性，这会产生社会凝聚力并促进问题的解决。这些想法对于利益相关者何时、何地以及如何参与以应对社会生态系统正在经历的快速变化具有重要意义。如果不考虑对另一个的后果，就不能解决一个的问题。此外，我们和其他学者的研究中出现的一个主要主题是文化和地方依恋的重要性，这会产生社会凝聚力并促进问题的解决。这些想法对于利益相关者何时、何地以及如何参与以应对社会生态系统正在经历的快速变化具有重要意义。如果不考虑对另一个的后果，就不能解决一个的问题。此外，我们和其他学者的研究中出现的一个主要主题是文化和地方依恋的重要性，这会产生社会凝聚力并促进问题的解决。这些想法对于利益相关者何时、何地以及如何参与以应对社会生态系统正在经历的快速变化具有重要意义。