Broader understanding of stakeholders’ perceptions of landscape changes is needed to cope with global environmental challenges locally. In this study, farmers’ and conservationists’-researchers’ perceptions of landscape changes were compared by analyzing interviews conducted in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve region of Hungary through a combined quantitative and qualitative approach. Perceptions concerning the trends of changes (increasing or decreasing), as well as evaluations (positive and negative) of 40 different landscape elements were analyzed. The quantitative analysis consisted of landscape elements of different native and alien plant and animal species, natural habitats, and types of land use. For a qualitative analysis, one landscape element, the tussock sedge beds, a type of wetland habitat, was chosen. According to the quantitative analysis, the two groups held similar views on trends. However, their evaluations differed substantially. The most significant differences appeared between the two groups in cases where land use and biodiversity goals were in competition, e.g., abandonment and non-native plantations. Changes causing both decline of biodiversity and the fading of the cultural landscapes were seen similarly negatively by the two groups, e.g., disappearance of lakes, spread of invasive plants, expansion of wild boar. However, quantitative analysis also showed that conservationists-researchers had higher consensus, while farmers were much more diverse in their evaluations. Qualitative analysis explored the reasons for these differences. Although conservationists-researchers shared eco-centric values, farmers evaluated landscape changes heterogeneously based on individual constellations of economic interest, cultural values, and their sense of responsibility for nature. Our study, with the combined application of quantitative and qualitative analyses, provides new understandings of both between-group and within-group differences and similarities of farmers’ and conservationists’-researchers’ landscape change perceptions.

中文翻译：

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农民和环保主义者对景观变化的看法是否不同？

需要更广泛地了解利益相关者对景观变化的看法，以应对当地的全球环境挑战。在这项研究中，通过定量和定性相结合的方法，通过分析在匈牙利多瑙河-蒂萨河间河流域进行的访谈，比较了农民和保护主义者-研究人员对景观变化的看法。分析了对变化趋势（增加或减少）的看法，以及对 40 种不同景观元素的评价（正面和负面）。定量分析包括不同本地和外来动植物物种的景观要素、自然栖息地和土地利用类型。对于定性分析，选择了一个景观元素，草丛莎草床，一种湿地栖息地。根据定量分析，两组对趋势的看法相似。然而，他们的评价却大相径庭。最显着的差异出现在土地利用和生物多样性目标相互竞争的情况下，例如废弃和非本土种植园。两个群体对导致生物多样性下降和文化景观衰退的变化有着类似的负面看法，例如湖泊消失、入侵植物蔓延、野猪繁殖。然而，定量分析也表明，保护主义者-研究人员的共识更高，而农民的评估则更加多样化。定性分析探讨了这些差异的原因。尽管保护主义者和研究人员分享了以生态为中心的价值观，农民根据个人的经济利益、文化价值和他们对自然的责任感对景观变化进行了异类评估。我们的研究结合定量和定性分析的应用，提供了对群体间和群体内差异以及农民和保护主义者研究人员对景观变化看法的相似性的新理解。