Habitat use and movement patterns in animals are usually determined by the availability of food, morphological and physiological traits, social systems, and safe sites to complete vital cycles. The objective of this study was to estimate the home-range area, daily traveled distance, and patterns of space use by Oilbirds (Steatornis caripensis), and the factors that can affect them in Cueva de Los Guacharos National Park (Huila, Colombia). We attached GPS devices to five individuals and recovered information from three. Home ranges were estimated by minimum convex polygon (MCP), 95 and 50% kernel methods. Traveled distances were estimated as the sum of the linear distances between sampling points (every 30 min), and patterns of habitat use were evaluated through ecological-niche factor analysis (ENFA), including forest cover, altitude, and degree of fragmentation. Analysis of habitat preference was done using 25 vegetation plots established in frequently used areas and species richness, and the proportion of consumed plants was compared with other locations within their distribution range. Home-range area was estimated to be 4517 km², possibly an underestimation due to reduced sample size. The average traveled distance per night was 55 km (range: 0-112 km). Analyses of habitat use showed a clear preference for areas with higher forest cover. Height above sea level was also largely associated with frequencies of habitat use, indicating a low use of areas above 3000 m, while the degree of fragmentation was not a strong predictor of habitat use. Finally, vegetation plots in frequently used areas showed a higher abundance of fruiting trees consumed by Oilbirds than control plots. Overall, Oilbirds have amazing movement capacity, being able to use distant landscape elements, and showing a clear preference for areas with forest cover, lower altitude, and areas with a high representation of the plant species they consume.

中文翻译：

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哥伦比亚安第斯山脉南部油鸟（Steatornis caripensis）的运动模式和栖息地偏好。

动物的栖息地使用和活动方式通常取决于食物的可获得性，形态和生理特征，社会系统以及完成生命周期的安全场所。这项研究的目的是估计油鸟（Steatornis caripensis）的栖息地面积，每日行进距离和空间使用方式，以及在Cueva de Los Guacharos国家公园（哥伦比亚惠拉）中可能影响它们的因素。我们将GPS设备连接到五个人，并从三个人中恢复了信息。通过最小凸多边形（MCP），95％和50％核方法估计了原始范围。估计行进距离为采样点之间的线性距离之和（每30分钟），并通过生态位因子分析（ENFA）评估栖息地的使用方式，包括森林覆盖率，海拔，和碎片程度。使用在经常使用的区域和物种丰富的地区建立的25个植被地块来分析栖息地的偏好，并将消耗植物的比例与分布范围内的其他位置进行比较。估计家庭范围的面积为4517km²，可能由于样本量减少而被低估了。每晚平均旅行距离为55公里（范围：0-112公里）。对栖息地利用的分析表明，森林覆盖率较高的地区显然更受欢迎。海拔高度在很大程度上还与栖息地使用的频率有关，这表明3000 m以上区域的使用率较低，而破碎程度并不是强烈的栖息地使用预测指标。最后，在经常使用的地区的植被地块显示，油鸟消耗的果树比对照地块要多。