Berry samples were collected over four growing seasons from field-grown Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines in the Columbia Valley of southeastern Washington. Shoots were tagged prior to veraison and berries were sampled weekly from the same clusters. Symptoms of berry shrivel (BS) and bunch-stem necrosis (BSN) were monitored through harvest and berry samples were categorized as “healthy,” BS, or BSN for analysis of sugars, organic acids, potassium, and calcium. The vines of four adjacent rows were geolocated using GPS over three years to determine if BS was associated with specific vines or specific locations within the vineyard. Like BSN, the BS syndrome was seemingly restricted to individual clusters rather than individual vines and was spatially unpredictable from year to year. Vines propagated from BS-afflicted shoots only rarely displayed BS symptoms. Ripening-associated changes in berry solutes began simultaneously in healthy and BS clusters at veraison, but accumulation of sugars, K+, and oxalate ceased before shriveling symptoms became apparent on BS clusters. While BS did not affect tartrate, it was associated with slightly faster malate catabolism and slower decrease in soluble Ca2+ than in healthy berries. BS was not only associated with a cessation of phloem inflow into the berries, but also with altered organic acid metabolism and metal cation use.

中文翻译：

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受浆果枯萎综合征影响的葡萄浆果中糖的积累和有机酸代谢的改变

浆果样品是在华盛顿东南部哥伦比亚谷的田间种植赤霞珠葡萄藤的四个生长季节中收集的。在 veraison 之前对芽进行标记，每周从相同的簇中对浆果进行采样。通过收获监测浆果枯萎 (BS) 和束茎坏死 (BSN) 的症状，浆果样品被归类为“健康”、BS 或 BSN，用于分析糖、有机酸、钾和钙。使用 GPS 对相邻四行的葡萄藤进行了三年的地理定位，以确定 BS 是否与葡萄园内的特定葡萄藤或特定位置相关联。与 BSN 一样，BS 综合征似乎仅限于单个簇而不是单个葡萄藤，并且在空间上每年都无法预测。从受 BS 影响的枝条繁殖的葡萄藤很少表现出 BS 症状。在 veraison 时，健康和 BS 簇中浆果溶质的成熟相关变化同时开始，但糖、K+ 和草酸盐的积累在 BS 簇上的萎缩症状变得明显之前就停止了。虽然 BS 不影响酒石酸盐，但与健康浆果相比，它与苹果酸分解代谢稍快且可溶性 Ca2+ 减少较慢有关。BS 不仅与韧皮部流入浆果的停止有关，而且与改变的有机酸代谢和金属阳离子的使用有关。与健康浆果相比，它与稍快的苹果酸分解代谢和较慢的可溶性 Ca2+ 减少有关。BS 不仅与韧皮部流入浆果的停止有关，而且与改变的有机酸代谢和金属阳离子的使用有关。与健康浆果相比，它与稍快的苹果酸分解代谢和较慢的可溶性 Ca2+ 减少有关。BS 不仅与韧皮部流入浆果的停止有关，而且与改变的有机酸代谢和金属阳离子的使用有关。