This work first proposes a novel flashover model based on the deduced residual resistance of the ice layer. The most important finding of the field icing tests is that the double-layer ice-melting water film exists on the inner and outer surfaces of the ice layer. The conductivity of melting water on the inner and outer surface of the ice layer has been measured, and the corresponding surface conductivity has been calculated. According to the proposed flashover model, the ratio η of the resistance of the ice layer to that of the pollution layer gradually increases with the increase of the ratio k of the resistance of the outer surfaces to that of inner surfaces, and eventually approaches saturation. Furthermore, the icing flashover criterion has been modified, and the voltage gradient of the inner surface is less than that of the outer surface. Test results show that the ice flashover voltage is lower than the pollution flashover voltage between 2.18–9.69% and 14.75–20.32% under light ice and semi-cylindrical ice, respectively. The simulation results based on the proposed model and the classic model are compared with the field test data. Results show that the proposed model could attain a high accuracy of dc flashover voltage and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

这项工作首先提出了一种基于推导的冰层残余电阻的新型闪络模型。现场结冰测试的最重要发现是双层冰融化水膜存在于冰层的内外表面。测量了冰层内外表面上融化水的电导率，并计算了相应的表面电导率。根据提出的闪络模型，冰层的电阻与污染层的电阻之比η随着比率k的增加而逐渐增加 外表面与内表面的电阻之比，最终达到饱和。此外，已经修改了结冰闪络准则，并且内表面的电压梯度小于外表面的电压梯度。测试结果表明，在轻冰和半圆柱形冰下，冰闪络电压分别低于污染闪络电压2.18–9.69％和14.75–20.32％。将基于建议模型和经典模型的仿真结果与现场测试数据进行比较。结果表明，该模型可以达到较高的直流闪络电压精度，并证明了该模型的有效性。