The carabid beetle tribe Moriomorphini attains a disjunct austral geographical distribution, with member taxa occupying Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, the Sundas, southern South America and Polynesia. The group arose in Australia, the area exhibiting the greatest generic diversity for the tribe. In this contribution, two new genera are added to the Australian fauna. Pharetis thayerae, gen. nov., sp. nov., is described from Grenvillia, New South Wales, and Spherita newtoni, gen. nov., sp. nov., is described from Avon Valley National Park, Western Australia. Their phylogenetic placement within the tribe is accomplished by parsimony analysis based on 208 morphological characters across 124 taxa, 114 in-group species and 10 outgroup taxa representing Trechini, Psydrini and Patrobini. Nearly all polytypic moriomorphine genera are represented in the analysis by at least two exemplars, allowing initial tests of generic monophyly. A revised classification is proposed for Moriomorphini, with subtribal clades related as (Amblytelina + (Moriomorphina + Tropopterina)). The Western Australian genus Spherita is placed as adelphotaxon to Sitaphe Moore, a genus restricted to tropical montane Queensland. From the phylogenetic analysis, other non-contemporaneous east–west Australian disjunctions can be inferred, as well as multiple trans-Tasman area relationships between eastern Australia and New Zealand, all proposed to be of Miocene age. Pharetis exhibits a disjunct, trans-Antarctic relationship with Tropopterus Solier, its sister-group, distributed in southern South America. Alternative vicariance-based and dispersal-based hypotheses are discussed for the origin of Tropopterus. A review of the taxonomic development of the tribe illustrates the signal importance of monotypic genera in elucidating biological diversity.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚 Pharetis 基因的系统发育位置。11 月，和 Spherita，gen。11月，在环南极Moriomorphini（鞘翅目：Carabidae）的修订分类中

甲虫部落 Moriomorphini 的地理分布与南方地区相分离，成员类群占据澳大利亚、新西兰、新喀里多尼亚、巽他群岛、南美洲南部和波利尼西亚。该群体起源于澳大利亚，该地区展示了该部落最大的通用多样性。在这个贡献中，澳大利亚动物群中增加了两个新属。Pharetis thayerae，gen。十一月，sp。nov.，来自新南威尔士州的 Grenvillia 和 Spherita newtoni，gen。十一月，sp。11 月，来自西澳大利亚的雅芳谷国家公园。它们在部落内的系统发育位置是通过简约分析完成的，该分析基于 124 个分类群、114 个内群物种和 10 个外群分类群的 208 个形态特征，分别代表 Trechini、Psydrini 和 Patrobini。在分析中，几乎所有的多型吗啉吗啡属都由至少两个样本代表，允许对通用单系进行初步测试。对 Moriomorphini 提出了一个修订的分类，与相关的亚部落进化枝为 (Amblytelina + (Moriomorphina + Tropopterina))。西澳大利亚属 Spherita 作为 adelphotaxon 被放置在 Sitaphe Moore 中，Sitaphe Moore 属仅限于热带山地昆士兰。从系统发育分析中，可以推断出其他非同期的东西澳大利亚分离，以及澳大利亚东部和新西兰之间的多个跨塔斯曼地区关系，所有这些都被认为属于中新世。Pharetis 与分布在南美洲南部的姊妹群 Tropopterus Solier 表现出一种分离的跨南极关系。针对 Tropopterus 的起源，讨论了基于替代性和基于扩散的替代假设。对该部落分类学发展的回顾说明了单型属在阐明生物多样性方面的信号重要性。