Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, e-First Articles.
Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure reduces skeletal muscle function; however, the mechanisms involved have been poorly investigated. The current study evaluated the temporal effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant and antioxidant systems as well as inflammatory markers in skeletal muscle of mice exposed to CS. Mice were randomly allocated to control, exercise, smoke, and smoke+exercise groups and 3 time points (4, 8, and 12 weeks; n = 12 per group). Exercise training and CS exposure were performed for 30 min/day, twice a day, 5 days/week for 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Aerobic exercise improved functional capacity and attenuated the increase in the cachexia index induced by CS exposure after 12 weeks. Concomitantly, exercise training downregulated tumor necrosis factor α concentration, glutathione oxidation, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of Keap1 (P < 0.01) and upregulated interleukin 10 concentration, total antioxidant capacity, and mRNA expression of Nrf2, Gsr, and Txn1 (P < 0.01) in muscle. Exercise increased mRNA expression of Hmox1 compared with the control after 12 weeks (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between smoke groups for superoxide dismutase activity and Hmox1 mRNA expression. Exercise training improved the ability of skeletal muscle to adequately upregulate key antioxidant and anti-inflammatory defenses to detoxify electrophilic compounds induced by CS exposure, and these effects were more pronounced after 12 weeks. Novelty Exercise attenuates oxidative stress in skeletal muscle from animals exposed to CS via Nrf2 and glutathione pathways. Exercise is a helpful tool to control the inflammatory balance in skeletal muscle from animals exposed to CS. These beneficial effects were evident after 12 weeks.

中文翻译：

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有氧运动训练通过刺激Nrf2途径和细胞因子来减轻香烟烟雾对周围肌肉的有害影响：一项在小鼠中的时程研究。

《应用生理学，营养与代谢》，电子优先文章。
接触香烟烟雾会降低骨骼肌的功能；但是，涉及的机制尚未得到充分研究。目前的研究评估了有氧运动训练对暴露于CS的小鼠骨骼肌中氧化和抗氧化系统以及炎症标记物的时间影响。将小鼠随机分为对照组，运动组，吸烟组和吸烟+运动组，并分为3个时间点（4、8和12周；每组n = 12）。运动训练和CS暴露进行每天30分钟，每天两次，每周5天，4、8和12周。有氧运动可改善功能能力，并减轻12周后CS暴露引起的恶病质指数的增加。同时，运动训练下调了肿瘤坏死因子α的浓度，谷胱甘肽氧化，肌肉中Keap1的mRNA和信使RNA（mRNA）表达（P <0.01），以及肌肉中白介素10的浓度，总抗氧化能力和Nrf2，Gsr和Txn1的mRNA表达上调（P <0.01）。运动后12周与对照组相比，Hmox1的mRNA表达增加（P <0.05）。吸烟组之间的超氧化物歧化酶活性和Hmox1 mRNA表达没有显着差异。运动训练提高了骨骼肌充分上调关键抗氧化剂和抗炎防御能力以解毒CS暴露诱导的亲电子化合物的能力，这些作用在12周后更加明显。新奇运动减轻了通过Nrf2和谷胱甘肽途径暴露于CS的动物骨骼肌的氧化应激。运动是控制接触CS动物的骨骼肌中炎症平衡的有用工具。这些有益效果在12周后就很明显。