Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of hydrogen injection through a multi-porthole injector array into a Mach 10 enthalpy supersonic crossflow are presented and compared to experimental data. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations using a Menter shear-stress transport turbulence model are performed with the CFD code CFD++. The experimental results showed transient flow behavior in the boundary-layer separation upstream of the injector past the measurable test time. This complicated the validation process of the steady-state simulations to the experimental data. A hybrid simulation, which provides a laminar inflow boundary layer and turbulence production at the injector, matched the upstream separation length as measured from the experimental data. The simulation near-field shock structures and fuel penetration matched experimental schlieren photographs. The close jet-to-jet spacing leads to a blockage of injector-generated vortices. The simulations show that including three-dimensional spillage effects reduced the injection-induced separation length by 20%, and they resulted in a better match with the experimental data. The results also showed the injection-induced separation has a significant spanwise flow and alters the mixing process downstream of the multi-porthole injector array by enabling trailoff vortices to develop.

提出了通过多孔喷射器阵列向Mach 10焓超音速横流注入氢的计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，并将其与实验数据进行了比较。使用CFD代码CFD ++执行使用Menter剪应力传输湍流模型的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟。实验结果表明，经过可测量的测试时间后，在喷射器上游边界层分离中出现了瞬态流动行为。这使稳态仿真对实验数据的验证过程变得复杂。混合模拟可提供层流流入边界层，并在喷射器处产生湍流，该混合模拟与根据实验数据测得的上游分离长度相匹配。模拟的近场冲击结构和燃料渗透与实验schlieren照片匹配。紧密的喷嘴间距会阻塞喷射器产生的涡流。仿真表明，包括三维溢出效应，可使注入诱导的分离长度减少20％，并且它们与实验数据更好地匹配。结果还表明，注入引起的分离具有明显的展向流动，并通过使尾随涡流形成，从而改变了多孔注入器阵列下游的混合过程。并与实验数据更好地匹配。结果还表明，注入引起的分离具有明显的展向流动，并通过使尾随涡流形成，从而改变了多孔注入器阵列下游的混合过程。并与实验数据更好地匹配。结果还表明，注入引起的分离具有明显的展向流动，并通过使尾随涡流形成，从而改变了多孔注入器阵列下游的混合过程。