Amber has been reported from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation, as isolated clasts or within plant tissues. Undescribed cones of uncertain gymnosperm affinity have also been recovered with amber preserved in situ. Here, we provide multiple lines of evidence to determine the botanical affinity of this enigmatic, conspicuous cone type, and to better understand the diversity of amber-source plants present in the Crato Formation and beyond. A new taxon of amber-bearing pollen cone Araripestrobus resinosus gen. nov. et sp. nov. is described here from complete cones and characteristic disarticulated portions. The best-preserved cone portion has both in situ amber infilling the resin canals inside the preserved microsporophyll tissues and pollen of the Eucommiidites-type. This places this genus within the Erdtmanithecales, an incompletely known gymnosperm group from the Mesozoic. FTIR analysis of the in situ amber indicates a potential araucariacean conifer affinity, although affinity with cupressacean conifers cannot be definitely ruled out. Pyr-GC-MS analysis of the Araripestrobus resinosus gen. nov. et sp. nov. in situ fossil resin shows that it is a mature class Ib amber, thought to indicate affinities with araucariacean and cupressacean, but not pinaceous, conifers. This is the first confirmed occurrence of this class of amber in the Crato Formation flora and in South America, except for an archaeological sample from Laguna Guatavita, Colombia. The combined results of the cones’ novel gross morphology and the analyses of the in situ amber and pollen clearly indicate that the new taxon of resinous gymnosperm pollen cones from the Crato Formation is affiliated with Erdtmanithecales. The cone morphology is very distinct from all known pollen cone types of this extinct plant group. We therefore assume that the plant group that produced Eucommiidites-type pollen is much more diverse in habits than previously thought. Moreover, the diversity of potential amber source plants from the Crato Formation is now expanded beyond the Araucariaceae and the Cheirolepidiaceae to include this member of the Erdtmanithecales. Despite dispersed Eucommiidites pollen being noted from the Crato Formation, this is the first time macrofossils of Erdtmanithecales have been recognized from the Early Cretaceous of South America.

中文翻译：

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揭示了巴西早白垩世克拉多组的琥珀源植物的多样性。

据报道，早白垩世克拉托组的琥珀为分离的碎屑或植物组织内的琥珀。不确定的裸子植物亲和力未描述的视锥细胞也已用琥珀原位保存了。在这里，我们提供了多条证据来确定这种神秘而显眼的圆锥类型的植物亲和力，并更好地了解Crato组及以后的琥珀源植物的多样性。含琥珀的花粉锥Araripestrobus resinosus gen的新分类群。十一月 等。十一月 这里从完整的圆锥体和特征性的铰接部分描述。保存最完好的圆锥形部分既有琥珀色填充在保存的微孢子虫组织内部的树脂管中，又有杜鹃花型的花粉。这样就把这个属放置在Erdtmanithecales中，来自中生代的一个不完整的裸子植物群。FTIR对原位琥珀的分析表明潜在的araucariacean针叶树亲和力，尽管不能绝对排除与杯形针叶树针叶树的亲和力。Araripestrobus resinosus gen的Pyr-GC-MS分析。十一月 等。十一月 原位化石树脂显示它是成熟的Ib琥珀色，被认为可以与花生四烯和铜绿针叶树亲密，但不是松果针叶树。这是在Crato组植物群和南美首次证实的此类琥珀，除了来自哥伦比亚Laguna Guatavita的考古样本。视锥细胞新的总体形态和原位琥珀色和花粉分析的综合结果清楚地表明，Crato组的树脂裸子植物花粉视锥细胞的新分类群与Erdtmanithecales有关。锥状形态与该灭绝植物群的所有已知花粉锥类型非常不同。因此，我们认为产生杜仲类花粉的植物群的习性比以前认为的要多样化得多。此外，克拉托组潜在的琥珀色源植物的多样性现在已经扩展到南洋杉科和虎耳草科，从而包括了Erdtmanithecales的这一成员。尽管克拉托组发现杜仲花粉分散，