5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF), one of the significant platform molecular derivatives, is regarded as a promising biofuel and additive for diesel, owing to its high energy density (8.7 kWh·L⁻¹). Several catalytic materials have been developed for the synthesis of EMF derived from different feedstocks under relatively mild reaction conditions. Although a great quantity of research has been conducted over the past decades, the unsatisfactory production selectivity mostly limited to the range 50%–70%, and the classic fructose used as the substrate restricted its application for fuel manufacture in large scale. To address these production improvements, this review pays attention to evaluate the activity of various catalysts (e.g., mineral salts, zeolites, heteropolyacid-based hybrids, sulfonic acid-functionalized materials, and ionic liquids), providing potential research directions for the design of novel catalysts for the achievement of further improved EMF yields.

中文翻译：

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将碳水化合物升级为生物燃料候选物5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（EMF）

5-乙氧基甲基糠醛（EMF）是一种重要的平台分子衍生物，由于其高能量密度（8.7 kWh·L ^-1），被认为是有前途的柴油生物燃料和添加剂。）。已经开发了几种催化材料，用于在相对温和的反应条件下合成衍生自不同原料的EMF。尽管在过去的几十年中进行了大量的研究，但生产选择性不理想的情况大多限制在50％–70％的范围内，而经典的果糖用作基质限制了其在大规模燃料生产中的应用。为了解决这些生产上的改进，本综述着重评估各种催化剂（例如，矿物盐，沸石，基于杂多酸的杂化物，磺酸功能化的材料和离子液体）的活性，为新型催化剂的设计提供了潜在的研究方向。催化剂，用于进一步提高EMF产量。